Assessing heat stress tolerance in <i>Castanea sativa</i>

Dorado, F. Javier; Solla, Alejandro; Alcaide, Francisco; Martı́n, Mercedes

doi:10.1093/forestry/cpac021

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In Spain, differences in the pluviometry of chestnut habitats have resulted in differentiation of two C. sativa ecotypes with different adaptive responses to drought stress (Míguez-Soto and Fernández-López, 2015;Alcaide et al, 2019;Míguez-Soto et al, 2019). These ecotypes were also differentiated by EST-SSRs associated with heat stress using the same populations of the present study 10.3389/ffgc.2022.1072661 (Dorado et al, 2022). Based on the results obtained here, differences in the thermal regime of chestnut habitats may also have resulted in different ecotypes associated with heat stress tolerance.…”

Section: Interpopulation Variability Of C Sativa In Response To Heat ...supporting

confidence: 60%

“…Differences in rainfall between northern and south-central Spanish populations have resulted in differentiation of two chestnut ecotypes (mesophytic in northern Spain and xeric in south-central Spain) with different adaptive responses to water stress (Míguez-Soto and Fernández-López, 2015;Alcaide et al, 2019;Míguez-Soto et al, 2019). Drought is therefore a selective force shaping the differentiation of chestnut populations (Díaz et al, 2009;Míguez-Soto and Fernández-López, 2015) and heat stress is also responsible for this differentiation (Dorado et al, 2022). Little is known about the response of C. sativa to heat stress or whether contrasting climate habitats involve differential responses to higher temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill.

Dorado

Pinto

Monteiro

et al. 2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Chestnut forests are undergoing increasing heat stress due to the current global warming, but little is known about the physiology and biochemistry responses of Castanea sativa Mill. to heat or whether differences exist between populations. Six-month-old seedlings from three climatically contrasting populations of C. sativa (from the north, centre, and south of Spain) were subjected to control and heat stress conditions for 7 days. The effects of heat stress on seedlings and their recovery (10 days after heat stress) were described by assessment of visible symptoms, growth, mortality, and leaf gas exchange of plants, quantification of compounds involved in the primary and secondary metabolism, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging. In response to stress, plant biomass decreased, and plant biochemistry altered depending on the tissue and the population. Major alterations in the primary metabolism of stressed plants occurred in leaves, characterized by increased levels of soluble sugars, nitrogen, and proline, and depletion of starch. Increased levels of soluble sugars and starch depletion occurred mostly in seedlings from the southern population, while proline increase occurred only in the northern population. Secondary metabolism of seedlings experienced the highest variation below ground, and roots of heat-stressed plants increased the content of phenolic compounds. LC-MS analysis permitted identification and quantification of six compounds induced by heat, five of which were detected in the roots. Differential biochemistry responses to heat stress were observed among populations. At recovery, most of the altered parameters had returned to control conditions, suggesting high resilience to heat stress in this Mediterranean tree species. This is the first study to address the effects of heat stress on the physiology and biochemistry of C. sativa and their interpopulation variability. Most parameters were significantly influenced by the interaction of population and heat treatment, indicating that genetic differentiation controlled the phenotypic differences of C. sativa in response to heat stress. Extensive genetic variation in plasticity in physiological and biochemical parameters in response to heat stress reveals an opportunity for chestnut for global warming-mediated selection.

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Section: Interpopulation Variability Of C Sativa In Response To Heat ...supporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill.

Dorado

Pinto

Monteiro

et al. 2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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“…This can also be attributed to the disturbances in CO 2 processing and N uptake by roots. There was also an initial augment of soluble sugar content in all tissues (glucose and sucrose) in waterlogged plants and later an accumulation of starch in stems and Castanea sativa seedling under heat stress conditions described in Dorado et al (2022).…”

Section: Sativa Response To Waterloggingmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In a just released report ( Dorado et al, 2022 ) where heat stress was tested, a significant increase in the osmolyte proline was observed in C. sativa leaves from humid forests, less thermophilic-tolerant. No variation was noted in C. sativa of xeric origin.…”

Section: Abiotic Stresses Of C Sativamentioning

confidence: 99%

European and American chestnuts: An overview of the main threats and control efforts

et al. 2022

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Chestnuts are multipurpose trees significant for the economy and wildlife. These trees are currently found around the globe, demonstrating their genetic adaptation to different environmental conditions. Several biotic and abiotic stresses have challenged these species, contributing to the decline of European chestnut production and the functional extinction of the American chestnut. Several efforts started over the last century to understand the cellular, molecular, and genetic interactions behind all chestnut biotic and abiotic interactions. Most efforts have been toward breeding for the primary diseases, chestnut blight and ink disease caused by the pathogens, Cryphonectria parasitica and Phytophthora cinnamomi, respectively. In Europe and North America, researchers have been using the Asian chestnut species, which co-evolved with the pathogens, to introgress resistance genes into the susceptible species. Breeding woody trees has several limitations which can be mostly related to the long life cycles of these species and the big genome landscapes. Consequently, it takes decades to improve traits of interest, such as resistance to pathogens. Currently, the availability of genome sequences and next-generation sequencing techniques may provide new tools to help overcome most of the problems tree breeding is still facing. This review summarizes European and American chestnut’s main biotic stresses and discusses breeding and biotechnological efforts developed over the last decades, having ink disease and chestnut blight as the main focus. Climate change is a rising concern, and in this context, the adaptation of chestnuts to adverse environmental conditions is of extreme importance for chestnut production. Therefore, we also discuss the abiotic challenges on European chestnuts, where the response to abiotic stress at the genetic and molecular level has been explored.

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“…Climate models predict that this region will undergo temperature increase, heat wave events and extreme drought [ 16 ]. Studies on the impact of climate change on chestnut, including tolerance, adaptation and genetic variability, have increased considerably in recent years [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Because this species developed in contrasting climate conditions, different evolutionary pressures acted on its genome, giving rise to ecotypes adapted to different climates [ 18 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming Scenarios and Phytophthora cinnamomi Infection in Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

Dorado

Gallego

Chaves

et al. 2023

Plants

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The main threats to chestnut in Europe are climate change and emerging pathogens. Although many works have separately addressed the impacts on chestnut of elevated temperatures and Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands (Pc) infection, none have studied their combined effect. The objectives of this work were to describe the physiology, secondary metabolism and survival of 6-month-old C. sativa seedlings after plants were exposed to ambient temperature, high ambient temperature and heat wave events, and subsequent infection by Pc. Ten days after the warming scenarios, the biochemistry of plant leaves and roots was quantified and the recovery effect assessed. Plant growth and root biomass under high ambient temperature were significantly higher than in plants under ambient temperature and heat wave event. Seven secondary metabolite compounds in leaves and three in roots were altered significantly with temperature. Phenolic compounds typically decreased in response to increased temperature, whereas ellagic acid in roots was significantly more abundant in plants exposed to ambient and high ambient temperature than in plants subjected to heat waves. At recovery, leaf procyanidin and catechin remained downregulated in plants exposed to high ambient temperature. Mortality by Pc was fastest and highest in plants exposed to ambient temperature and lowest in plants under high ambient temperature. Changes in the secondary metabolite profile of plants in response to Pc were dependent on the warming scenarios plants were exposed to, with five compounds in leaves and three in roots showing a significant ‘warming scenario’ × ‘Pc’ interaction. The group of trees that best survived Pc infection was characterised by increased quercetin 3-O-glucuronide, 3-feruloylquinic acid, gallic acid ethyl ester and ellagic acid. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study addressing the combined effects of global warming and Pc infection in chestnut.

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Assessing heat stress tolerance in Castanea sativa

Cited by 7 publications

References 66 publications

Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill.

Heat stress and recovery effects on the physiology and biochemistry of Castanea sativa Mill.

European and American chestnuts: An overview of the main threats and control efforts

Warming Scenarios and Phytophthora cinnamomi Infection in Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.)

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