Assessing in vitro remineralization of primary artificial caries: A systematic review of multi-techniques characterization approaches

Coradin, Thibaud; Porporatti, André Luís; Bosco, Julia

doi:10.1016/j.dentre.2023.100073

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…It is well known that the demineralization process results in the dissolution and release of calcium and phosphate ions from the enamel surface. This results in the loss of the enamel's traditional ultrastructure and elemental composition [48,49]. The exposure to citric acid also resulted in the breakdown of superficial calcium hydroxyapatite in our in vitro settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…The EDS investigation of the mineral composition of the enamel surface provided evidence that corroborated the results of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data relating to calcium and phosphorus, whose connection is a crucial indication of the remineralization process [48], were particularly interesting. It is well known that the demineralization process results in the dissolution and release of calcium and phosphate ions from the enamel surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study

Altamura,

Augello,

Ortu

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Background. Enamel plays an essential role in protecting the underlying layers of the human tooth; therefore, preserving it is vital. This experimental study aimed to evaluate the potential ability of L. brevis to counteract the action of a demineralizing agent on dental enamel morphology and mineral composition in vitro. Methods. The sample consisted of 12 healthy human posterior teeth. The coronal portion of each tooth was subdivided into two equal parts longitudinally. The specimens were randomly divided into four groups: artificial saliva, L. brevis suspension, demineralizing agent (DA), and DA plus L. brevis . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to evaluate the surface micromorphology and the mineral content, respectively. The statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results. SEM analysis did not highlight significant changes in the enamel microstructure of L. brevis -treated specimens compared to the control. DA-induced damage to the enamel structure was drastically reduced when the specimens were contextually exposed to the probiotic. The treatment with DA substantially reduced the weight % of crucial enamel minerals, i.e., Ca and P. Notably, the probiotic was able to reverse the demineralization process, bringing Ca and P weight % back to basal levels, including the Ca/P ratio. Conclusions. The findings indicate that L. brevis is able to efficiently protect the dental enamel surface from the damage caused by DA and increase the enamel resistance to demineralization. Overall, L. brevis confirms its efficacy in preventing or counteracting the action of carious lesions through a novel mechanism that protects the tooth surface under a chemical challenge that mimics the caries process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study

Altamura,

Augello,

Ortu

et al. 2024

Biomolecules

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Remineralization and anti-demineralization effect of orthodontic adhesives on enamel surrounding orthodontic brackets: a systematic review of in vitro studies

Hamdi,

Elsebaai,

Abdelshafi

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Objective White spot lesions are initial sign of enamel caries that compromise esthetic appearance following orthodontic treatment. Thus, the systematic review was conducted to evaluate the remineralization potential of orthodontic adhesives on early-enamel lesions surrounding orthodontic bracket. Methods Search strategy was performed through three databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus). A total number of 1712 studies were identified for being potentially relevant, 62 among them were further assessed. Finally, 24 studies were included in this systematic review after adopting the eligibility criteria. The methodologies used to assess enamel remineralization were micro-computed tomography, cross-sectional microhardness, and polarized light microscopy for evaluating remineralization extent; surface microhardness, color change, and laser-induced fluorescence for evaluating superficial surface mineralization; Fourier Transform InfraRed, and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy technique for chemical characterization. Results Bioactive glass (BAG), nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP), nano-amorphous calcium phosphate (n-ACP), nano-calcium fluoride (n-CaF2), fluorinated amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (AFCP), and ammonium-based methacrylate monomer were incorporated into orthodontic adhesives. Seven out of the 24 included studies utilized commercially available orthodontic adhesives. While the remaining studies utilized experimental bioactive adhesives; 13 studies evaluated adhesives containing (BAG), two studies evaluated adhesives containing (n-ACP), one study evaluated adhesives containing (AFCP), and one study evaluated adhesives containing (n-HAP). Orthodontic adhesives containing the previously mentioned additives showed significant remineralization power compared to control group. Majority of studies that evaluated bioactive-based orthodontic adhesives revealed significant remineralization effect in comparison with their corresponding control groups. Out of 24 studies, 8 have assessed ion-release. However, few numbers of included studies evaluated the ion-release peak values. The output of most studies reported a significant increase of ion-release over time. Only one study reported a mark decrease of calcium and phosphate ions after 72 h. Following the high risk of bias in the majority of studies, and lack of standard evaluation protocol, meta-analysis was not conducted. Conclusion The outcome of the included studies supports the effectiveness of incorporation of remineralizing agents into orthodontic adhesives.

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Assessing in vitro remineralization of primary artificial caries: A systematic review of multi-techniques characterization approaches

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study

Efficacy of the Probiotic L. brevis in Counteracting the Demineralizing Process of the Tooth Enamel Surface: Results from an In Vitro Study

Remineralization and anti-demineralization effect of orthodontic adhesives on enamel surrounding orthodontic brackets: a systematic review of in vitro studies

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