Assessing Mechanisms of Recovery During Robot-Aided Neurorehabilitation of the Upper Limb

Abstract

Knowledge of the recovery components and of the associated performance acquisition model may be useful in assessing and training stroke patients and should make it possible to precisely plan and, if necessary, modify the rehabilitation strategies.

Quantitative assessment based on kinematic measures of functional impairments during upper extremity movements: A review

“…These studies applied kinematic metrics with any of these purposes: -Discriminative measures: Metrics are applied with the aim of detecting statistical significant differences between healthy people and people with neurological injury during the performance of functional movements (Jaspers et al, 2011;Van der Heide et al, 2005) and ADL (de los Reyes-Guzmán et al, 2010;Murphy et al, 2011). -Evaluative measures: Metrics could be useful as evaluative measure if they fulfill the properties of validity, reproducibility and sensitivity to the change: O Validity: Kinematic metrics must correlate highly with clinical scales (Celik et al, 2010;Colombo et al, 2008;Osu et al, 2011;Van der Heide et al, 2005). O Reproducibility: Metrics must present consistency between repeated measures within the session and between consecutive days in the absence of clinical changes in a subject functional ability (de los Reyes-Guzmán et al, 2010;Osuet al, 2011;Wagner et al, 2008).…”

“…It's a measure of the movement efficacy (Colombo et al, 2007(Colombo et al, , 2008(Colombo et al, ,2012 (Fig. 2a).…”

“…The theoretical movement trajectory was considered the straight line between the starting point and the target location (Butler et al, 2010;Cacho et al, 2011;Culmer et al, 2009;Jaspers et al, 2011;Kamper et al, 2002;Lang et al, 2005Lang et al, , 2006Merlo et al, 2013;Van der Heide et al, 2005). So a metric result closed to 1 is representative of a healthy pattern (Colombo et al, 2008). Patients tend to perform more curved trajectories resulting in values greater than 1, so an increase of this metric is related to a longer hand trajectory during the movement.…”

“…On the other hand, devices for robot-aided neurorehabilitation are increasingly being incorporated into patients' care programs after stroke (Bosecker et al, 2010;Colombo et al, 2008Colombo et al, , 2012Ellis et al, 2008;Zoilo et al, 2011) or spinal cord injury (Zariffa et al, 2012), and these devices can serve as precise and reliable measurement tools that record simultaneously kinematic and kinetic data. Recently, Bosecker et al (2010) and Colombo et al (2008Colombo et al ( , 2012 have provided the first experiences of evaluation metrics based on robot kinematic data for quantifying motor recovery of stroke patients during robot-aided rehabilitation.…”

“…Recently, Bosecker et al (2010) and Colombo et al (2008Colombo et al ( , 2012 have provided the first experiences of evaluation metrics based on robot kinematic data for quantifying motor recovery of stroke patients during robot-aided rehabilitation. Although a previous review was published related to metrics from data measured by means of robotic systems (Balasubramanian et al, 2012a), to our knowledge, a survey was not found related to objective metrics regardless of the system used for extracting kinematics data.…”