Assessing Methane Emissions From Tropical Wetlands: Uncertainties From Natural Variability and Drivers at the Global Scale

Murguia‐Flores, F.; Jaramillo, V. J.; Gallego‐Sala, A.

doi:10.1029/2022gb007601

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(303 reference statements)

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“…Finally, and possibly the most important omission in the NGHGI accounting of CH 4 , are emissions from wetlands. Mexico ranks fourth globally in terms of mangrove extent and second in terms of the total number of wetlands in the Ramsar list (Murguia‐Flores & Jaramillo, n.d.). Thus, it is expected that CH 4 emissions from bacterial methanogenesis represent a fundamental component of the CH 4 cycle, contributing at least 5% of all CH 4 emissions in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Greenhouse Gas Budget for Mexico During 2000–2019

Murray‐Tortarolo,

Perea,

Mendoza‐Ponce

et al. 2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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Application of the best available science to improve quantification of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at regional and national scales is key to climate action. Here, we present a two‐decade (2000–2019) GHG (CO2, CH4, and N2O) budget for Mexico derived from multiple products. Data from the National GHG Inventory, global observations, and the scientific literature were compared to identify knowledge gaps on GHG flux dynamics and discrepancies among estimates. Total mean annual GHG emissions were estimated at 695–910 TgCO2‐eq year−1 over these two decades, with 70% of the emissions attributable to CO2, 23% to CH4, and 5% to N2O (2% to other gases). When divided by sectors, we found agreement across emission estimates from various sources for fossil fuels, cattle, agriculture, and waste for all GHGs. However, considerable discrepancies were identified in the fluxes from terrestrial ecosystems. The disagreement was particularly large for the land CO2 sink, where net biome production estimations from the national inventory were double those from any other observational product. Extensive knowledge gaps exist, mainly related to aquatic systems (e.g., outgassing in rivers) and the lateral fluxes (e.g., wood trade). In addition, limited information is available on CH4 emissions from wetlands and soil CH4 consumption. We expect these results to guide future research to reduce estimation uncertainties and fill the information gaps across Mexico.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Greenhouse Gas Budget for Mexico During 2000–2019

Murray‐Tortarolo,

Perea,

Mendoza‐Ponce

et al. 2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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“…At the same time, improvements in data needed to inform and parameterize models has dramatically improved in recent years due to concerned efforts from the micrometeorological community. Data synthesis efforts have led to standardized regional and global flux data sets, such as FLUXNET‐CH4, and CarbonTracker‐CH 4 (Delwiche et al., 2021; Knox et al., 2019; Kuhn et al., 2021; Murguia‐Flores et al., 2023; Oh et al., 2023; Turetsky et al., 2014), which can be used for model validation. An increased focus lies on extending measurements into the tropics.…”

Section: Current Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three Decades of Wetland Methane Surface Flux Modeling by Earth System Models‐Advances, Applications, and Challenges

Forbrich,

Yazbeck,

Sulman

et al. 2024

JGR Biogeosciences

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Earth System Models (ESMs) simulate the exchange of mass and energy between the land surface and the atmosphere, with a key focus on modeling natural greenhouse gas feedbacks. Methane is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. There are growing concerns over the rapidly increasing methane concentration in the atmosphere, underscoring the need for accurate global modeling of its emissions using ESMs. Of the multitude of sources of methane globally, wetlands are the largest natural emitters for methane, leading to significant efforts targeting their representation in ESMs with a special focus on their methane emissions. In this review, we first provide a historical overview of including wetland‐methane components in ESMs and how methane modeling approaches have evolved over time. Second, we discuss recent modeling advancements that show promise for improvements in methane emissions predictions, namely the coupling of surface and atmospheric modules of ESMs, the representation of microtopography and transport mechanisms, the resolution of microbial processes at different spatial‐temporal scales, and the improved mapping of wetland area extent across the different wetland types. Third, we shed light on the different challenges hindering accurate estimations of wetland‐methane emissions, as shown by the consistent discrepancy between bottom‐up and top‐down models' predictions. Finally, we emphasize that more detailed representation of biogeochemistry and dynamic hydrology while resolving the within‐wetland vegetation heterogeneity should improve model predictions, especially when coupled with expanding ground‐based measurement networks and high‐resolution remote sensing mapping of methane‐relevant variables, such as water elevation, water table depth, and methane concentration.

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“…Northern wetlands constitute 34% of the total, where water depth, soil water content, type of vegetation, and temperature conditions are certain factors responsible for methane production and oxidation in wetlands [64][65][66][67]. The carbon and oxygen from wetland plants are responsible for methanogenesis and decomposition, respectively [68][69][70]. It is observed that Amazonia releases 46.2 ± 10.3 teragrams (Tg) of methane annually, which constitutes approximately 8% of global emissions [63].…”

Section: Emissions From Wetlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanotrophy: A Biological Method to Mitigate Global Methane Emission

Rani,

Pundir,

Verma

et al. 2024

Microbiology Research

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Methanotrophy is a biological process that effectively reduces global methane emissions by utilizing microorganisms that can utilize methane as a source of energy under both oxic and anoxic conditions, using a variety of different electron acceptors. Methanotrophic microbes, which utilize methane as their primary source of carbon and energy, are microorganisms found in various environments, such as soil, sediments, freshwater, and marine ecosystems. These microbes play a significant role in the global carbon cycle by consuming methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and converting it into carbon dioxide, which is less harmful. However, methane is known to be the primary contributor to ozone formation and is considered a major greenhouse gas. Methane alone contributes to 30% of global warming; its emissions increased by over 32% over the last three decades and thus affect humans, animals, and vegetation adversely. There are different sources of methane emissions, like agricultural activities, wastewater management, landfills, coal mining, wetlands, and certain industrial processes. In view of the adverse effects of methane, urgent measures are required to reduce emissions. Methanotrophs have attracted attention as multifunctional bacteria with potential applications in biological methane mitigation and environmental bioremediation. Methanotrophs utilize methane as a carbon and energy source and play significant roles in biogeochemical cycles by oxidizing methane, which is coupled to the reduction of various electron acceptors. Methanotrophy, a natural process that converts methane into carbon dioxide, presents a promising solution to mitigate global methane emissions and reduce their impact on climate change. Nonetheless, additional research is necessary to enhance and expand these approaches for extensive use. In this review, we summarize the key sources of methane, mitigation strategies, microbial aspects, and the application of methanotrophs in global methane sinks with increasing anthropogenic methane emissions.

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Assessing Methane Emissions From Tropical Wetlands: Uncertainties From Natural Variability and Drivers at the Global Scale

Cited by 8 publications

References 154 publications

A Greenhouse Gas Budget for Mexico During 2000–2019

A Greenhouse Gas Budget for Mexico During 2000–2019

Three Decades of Wetland Methane Surface Flux Modeling by Earth System Models‐Advances, Applications, and Challenges

Methanotrophy: A Biological Method to Mitigate Global Methane Emission

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