Assessing physical activity in people with mental illness: 23-country reliability and validity of the Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ)

Abstract

Background: Physical inactivity is a key contributor to the global burden of disease and disproportionately impacts the wellbeing of people experiencing mental illness. Increases in physical activity are associated with improvements in symptoms of mental illness and reduction in cardiometabolic risk. Reliable and valid clinical tools that assess physical activity would improve evaluation of intervention studies that aim to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in people living with mental illness.Methods: The five-item Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) was developed by a multidisciplinary, international working group as a clinical tool to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviour in people living with mental illness. Patients with a DSM or ICD mental illness diagnoses were recruited and completed the SIMPAQ on two occasions, one week apart. Participants wore an Actigraph accelerometer and completed brief cognitive and clinical assessments.Results: Evidence of SIMPAQ validity was assessed against accelerometer-derived measures of physical activity. Data were obtained from 1010 participants. The SIMPAQ had good test-retest reliability. Correlations for moderatevigorous physical activity was comparable to studies conducted in general population samples. Evidence of validity for the sedentary behaviour item was poor. An alternative method to calculate sedentary behaviour had stronger evidence of validity. This alternative method is recommended for use in future studies employing the SIMPAQ. Conclusions:The SIMPAQ is a brief measure of physical activity and sedentary behaviour that can be reliably and validly administered by health professionals.

Validity and reliability of the persian version of the modified telephone interview for cognitive status among community-dwelling older adults in Iran

“…This aligns with the objectives outlined in the WHO's action plan for dementia, which emphasizes the need for comprehensive screening programs to address cognitive impairment at a population level 24 . To ensure the accuracy and comprehensibility of the P-TICS-M, a standardized translation process was followed based on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) protocol for translation 25 .…”

Reliability and Convergent Validity of Self-Reported Physical Activity Questionnaires for People With Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Across the nine unique studies [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] , a total of 1,344 participants were included with median age 43.7 and confidence interval (CI) (34.9 -51.5) (40.5% women). Studies have been conducted in several countries such as the USA (Lindamer et al, 2008),…”

“…One study was a multicenter study (Rosenbaum et al, 2020). A total of 7 studies assessed the convergent validity of SRQs against objective measures such as accelerometers or Sensewear armbands [32][33][34][35][36][37]39 , and 6 studies assessed the test-retest reliability of the SRQS 32,34,35,37,38 . Among the 9 included studies, 4 tested the validity or reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire IPAQ-SF [34][35][36]40 .…”

“…There are some limitations that should be considered in the present study. First, all studies were conducted in developed countries, and generalization of these findings to low-and middle-income countries is limited, only one study was developed at 40% of countries with low and middle-income 32 . Second, yet we considered accelerometry as the gold standard to access PA. Accelerometry has its limitations.…”