Assessing Public Willingness to Wear Face Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Fresh Insights from the Theory of Planned Behavior

Irfan, Muhammad; Akhtar, Nadeem; Ahmad, Munir; Shahzad, Farrukh; Elavarasan, Rajvikram Madurai; Wu, Haitao; Yang, Chuxiao

doi:10.3390/ijerph18094577

Cited by 86 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Slightly more than half of the respondents put on face masks, realizing the risks of a pandemic (55.5% when it is impossible to maintain social distance with other people, 51.3% when the general epidemic situation in the city/country worsens, 15.0% when they come into contact with people who have obvious signs of the disease). The same trends were observed in a study by Irfan M et al [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Collective protection is determined by the proportion of the population using face masks in daily life. According to Pakistani researchers, the motivations for wearing face masks are "attitude, social norms, risk perceptions of the pandemic, and perceived benefits of face masks are the major influencing factors positively affect public willingness to wear face masks, whereas the cost of face masks and unavailability of face masks tend to have opposite effects" [14]. Compliance with preventive measures by the population, and the wearing of masks in particular, is also influenced by factors such as the region of residence (rural or urban area), housing conditions, sector of employment and education level, age, and income level [9,[15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Respiratory Protection Devices by Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Shashina

Makarova

Shcherbakov

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The use of face masks has assumed a leading spot among nonspecific prevention measures during the coronavirus pandemic. The effectiveness of this protective measure depends on the specifics of individual use. The purpose of our study was to analyze the use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) by medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation of face mask use was based on the results of a survey of medical students at Sechenov University. There were 988 participants in the study: 97.5% used RPE during the pandemic, 89.1% used disposable medical and hygienic face masks, 27.4% used reusable cloth face masks, and 13.2% used respirators. The majority of respondents (75.2%) were found to wear face masks correctly. However, 17.0% of the respondents were found to cover only their mouths with a face mask, while 7.8% reported often shifting their face mask under the chin due to perceived discomfort. Only 25.1% of respondents changed their disposable face mask after 2-3 h of wearing, while 13.0% decontaminated and used it several times. Most cloth face mask users (93.7%) decontaminated their marks, but only 55.7% of respondents did so daily. Face masks were most often worn in medical organizations (91.5%), and 1.4% of respondents did not use respiratory protection anywhere. In conclusion, we consider it necessary to introduce a special module on nonspecific prevention in the discipline of hygiene.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Respiratory Protection Devices by Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Shashina

Makarova

Shcherbakov

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…For instance, Comrey and Lee [54] recommended the following scale, (very poor-50), (poor-100), (fair-300), (very good-500), (excellent-1000 or more). According to this scale, our study sample size (344 respondents) falls under the "very good" category, ensuring that the sample size is representative and supports the current study's findings [55].…”

Section: Selection Of Respondents and Sample Sizesupporting

confidence: 66%

Understanding the Antecedents and Consequences of Service-Sales Ambidexterity: A Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) Framework

Borjali

Asif

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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Drawing on the motivation, opportunity and ability (MOA) framework, we investigate the influence of charismatic leadership on salespeople’s service and sales activities—termed service-sales ambidextrous (SSA) behavior, which subsequently turn into service recovery performance outcomes. The primary aim of this research is to strengthen salespeople’s service quality in parallel to their selling activities while recovering a service failure. We validate the model using a sample of 344 business-to-business salespeople using partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. Study results show that charismatic leadership is positively and significantly related to service-sales ambidexterity. Likewise, service-sales ambidexterity has a positive and significant relationship with service recovery performance and adaptive selling behavior. Moreover, we found a significant relationship between adaptive selling behavior and service recovery performance. The results further specify that salesperson motivation, opportunity and ability to engage in SSA significantly moderate the relationship between charismatic leadership and service-sales ambidexterity. The results suggest the need for training programs that provide the salesperson with opportunities to understand the simultaneous implementation of selling strategies while also providing customer services.

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“…The third batch of studies focused on assessing disease profiles to devise their precautionary and regulatory mechanisms (Lalmuanawma et al 2020 ; Matterne et al 2020 ). Finally, investigating the perception of individuals about personal protective equipment (i.e., face masks, gloves, helmets, safety glasses, shoes, vests, and full body suits) to prevent epidemics like MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, and COVID-19 was the focus of the fourth group of studies (Chughtai and Khan 2020 ; MacIntyre and Chughtai 2020 ; Ahmad et al 2021 ; Irfan et al 2021b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does temperature matter for COVID-19 transmissibility? Evidence across Pakistani provinces

Irfan

Ikram

Ahmad

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has become a global concern that is deteriorating environmental quality and damaging human health. Though some researchers have investigated the linkage between temperature and COVID-19 transmissibility across different geographical locations and over time, yet these studies are scarce. This study aims to bridge this gap using daily temperature and COVID-19 cases (transmissibility) by employing grey incidence analysis (GIA) models (i.e., Deng’s grey incidence analysis (DGIA), the absolute degree GIA (ADGIA), the second synthetic degree GIA (SSDGIA), the conservative (maximin) model) and correlation analysis. Data on temperature are accessed from the NASA database, while the data on COVID-19 cases are collected from the official website of the government of Pakistan. Empirical results reveal the existence of linkages between temperature and COVID-19 in all Pakistani provinces. These linkages vary from a relatively stronger to a relatively weaker linkage. Based on calculated weights, the strength of linkages is ranked across provinces as follows: Gilgit Baltistan (0.715301) > Baluchistan (0.675091) > Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (0.619893) > Punjab (0.619286) > Sindh (0.601736). The disparity in the strength of linkage among provinces is explained by the discrepancy in the intensity of temperature. Besides, the diagrammatic correlation analysis shows that temperature is inversely linked to COVID-19 cases (per million persons) over time, implying that low temperatures are associated with high COVID-19 transmissibility and vice versa. This study is among the first of its kind to consider the linkages between temperature and COVID-19 transmissibility for a tropical climate country (Pakistan) using the advanced GIA models. Research findings provide an up-to-date glimpse of the outbreak and emphasize the need to raise public awareness about the devastating impacts of the COVID-19. The educational syllabus should provide information on the causes, signs, and precautions of the pandemic. Additionally, individuals should practice handwashing, social distancing, personal hygiene, mask-wearing, and the use of hand sanitizers to ensure a secure and supportive atmosphere for preventing and controlling the current pandemic.

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Assessing Public Willingness to Wear Face Masks during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Fresh Insights from the Theory of Planned Behavior

Cited by 86 publications

References 94 publications

Use of Respiratory Protection Devices by Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Use of Respiratory Protection Devices by Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Understanding the Antecedents and Consequences of Service-Sales Ambidexterity: A Motivation-Opportunity-Ability (MOA) Framework

Does temperature matter for COVID-19 transmissibility? Evidence across Pakistani provinces

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