Assessing risk of commercial sexual exploitation among children involved in the child welfare system

Panlilio, Carlomagno C.; Miyamoto, Sheridan; Font, Sarah A.; Schreier, Hannah M.C.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.021

Cited by 28 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Most studies were from the United States of America (n = 20), followed by Africa (n = 5), Sweden (n = 3), the United Kingdom (n = 2), and Canada (n = 3), with 1 study each from Taiwan, India, Norway, and the Philippines. All 37 articles 5 , 6 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 38 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 were categorized in the high-quality range, with a mean (SD) study quality score of 8.4 (0.7) (see Table 1 and eTables 2 and 3 in the Supplement ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…evaluated each article, scoring them separately using a 9-point critical appraisal assessment tool adapted from Madigan et al 40 (2018), based on previous meta-analytic research. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 Articles were given a score of 0 (no) or 1 (yes) for each criterion and summed to provide a total score of a possible 9. Higher scores correspond with higher methodological quality and lower risk of bias.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Child Sexual Exploitation

et al. 2020

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demographic and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Child Sexual Exploitation

et al. 2020

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“…Thus, children at risk of sexual exploitation (or those who are already involved) have a high chance of being on the child protection system’s radar, but a low chance of being identified as victims of sexual exploitation and getting the help that matches their needs [61]. Screening tools could be adopted such as the Commercial Sexual Exploitation-Identification Tool (CSE-IT) [62] or others [63,64]. The CSE-IT is a universal screening tool that has assessed U.S. youth aged 12 and above in the child welfare system by asking caseworkers to identify eight areas with indicators of the early risk signs for child sex trafficking or exploitation: housing and caregiving; prior abuse or trauma; physical health and appearance; environment and exposure; relationships and personal belongings; signs of current trauma; coercion; and exploitation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Exploitation as a Minor, Violence, and HIV/STI Risk among Women Trading Sex in St. Petersburg and Orenburg, Russia

Urada

Rusakova

Odinokova

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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Child sexual exploitation (CSE) is a major risk factor for acquiring human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted infections (HIV/STI), violence and other health concerns, yet few studies have examined these associations in Russia until now. This study examines the prevalence of CSE (those entering the sex trade as a minor) among women in the sex trade in Russia and how exposures and behaviors related to violence and HIV/STI structural risks differ from those who entered the sex trade as an adult. Women in the sex trade (N = 896) in St. Petersburg and Orenburg, Russia were recruited via time-location sampling and completed structured surveys. Adjusted logistic regression analyses assessed associations between CSE victimization and HIV risk-related exposures. Of the 654 participants who provided their age at first sexual exploitation, 11% reported CSE prior to age 18. Those who reported CSE were more likely to be organized by others and to be prohibited from leaving a room or house and from using condoms; three-quarters experienced rape when trading sex; a third were involved in pornography before age 18 and they had less education if they entered the sex trade as a minor. In adjusted analyses, those entering the sex trade as a minor were significantly more likely than those entering the sex trade as an adult to report drug use prior to age 18 (AOR = 5.75, 95% CI = 2.53–13.09) to have ≥5 clients/day (past 12 months; AOR = 3.55, 95% CI = 1.56–8.08), to report receiving police assistance (AOR: 3.10, 95% CI = 1.26–7.54), and to have fewer experiences of police extortion (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.10–1.24). They were four times more likely to participate in pornography before the age of 18 (AOR = 4.08, 95% CI = 1.32, 12.60) and three times more likely to have been sexually abused as child (AOR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.27, 7.54). Overall, entry as a minor was related to greater risk for victimization and an inability to protect oneself from STI/HIV.

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“…This type of research is normative juridical research, which is library research that is research on secondary data. In this study, the authors use a case approach (Case Approach) case approach in normative legal research aims to study the norms or legal norms carried out in legal practice, the case approach is carried out by reviewing cases related to research material that has been decided by a court that has permanent legal force (Panlilio, Miyamoto, Font, & Schreier, 2019). The data source used in writing this law is a secondary data source.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Judgment Considerations Regarding Decisions about Child Sex Abuse Crime Conducted by Military Member

Putri¹

2020

JLLR

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TNI and Children are the two parties that are protected by special laws and regulations. Members of the TNI are committed and submit to military legislation. Apparatus who committed crimes have to follow the military’s criminal law and military court. Meanwhile, children as the victims of criminal acts have the rights that are legally protected in the legislation on child protection. The problems on this research are (1) How is Implementation of Act No. 35 of 2014 About Child Protection against child sex abuse committed by TNI in Judicial Process at Military Court II-10 Semarang? (2) How does the judge’s consideration about the Criminal adjudication to the suspect of the child sex abuse committed by TNI (Case Study of Military Court II-10 Semarang’s Verdict No. 62-K/PM.II-10/AD/IX/2016)? This study uses a qualitative method located in Indonesia with a Verdict as the object of research. The data collection techniques using document and literature study. The result of research, 1) Implementation of Act No. 35 of 2014 About Child Protection in Judicial Process at Military Court II-10 Semarang, i.e (1) Arresting the defendant (2) Giving the child as a victim an opportunity to speak up some testimony (3) The result of Visum et Repertum as a Health service (4) Giving detention and forfeit to defendant along with dismissal from military service 2) Judge's consideration of the Criminal adjudication of perpetrators of the Child Sex Crimes committed by TNI (1) Juridical considerations, i.e : Indictment, testimony of witnesses and defendants, expert's testimony, evidence and other articles in the Child Protection Law (2) Non-Juridical Considerations are mitigating and aggravating factors. The conclusion of this research is that the Implementation of Act no. 35 of 2014 has not been fully implemented in the judicial process in Military Court II-10 Semarang, the child’s identity in the previous verdict is not disguised. Suggestion from this study is the punishment of the defendant should refer to Act no. 35 of 2014 on Child Protection and after the judicial process the parties including law enforcement should provide protection for the future of the child as a victim.

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Assessing risk of commercial sexual exploitation among children involved in the child welfare system

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Demographic and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Child Sexual Exploitation

Demographic and Psychosocial Factors Associated With Child Sexual Exploitation

Sexual Exploitation as a Minor, Violence, and HIV/STI Risk among Women Trading Sex in St. Petersburg and Orenburg, Russia

Judgment Considerations Regarding Decisions about Child Sex Abuse Crime Conducted by Military Member

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