Assessing small farmers’ adaptation and management strategies to navigate the risks and uncertainties: The case of Missouri

Abstract

Investing in the agricultural sector exposes producers to numerous risks and uncertainties. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these challenges, and their impacts are still being felt globally. Our study aims to evaluate and describe the risk management strategies employed by small farmers in Missouri to mitigate and adapt to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their farm operations. We analyzed 141 survey responses, and our findings indicate that most respondents employed multiple strategies, including using savings, diversification, reducing inputs, donating output, delaying investment, gaining off-farm employment, and utilizing government relief programs. However, apart from the COVID-19 stimulus checks, which were automatically disbursed to eligible households, few farmers were aware of or participated in other federal relief programs aimed at supporting small businesses and producers. We recommend that Extension specialists collaborate with other stakeholders and agencies responsible for federal relief programs to enhance small farmer awareness and participation in the future. Additionally, further research is necessary to understand the coping strategies employed by small farmers to remain resilient and maintain personal and mental health during the pandemic.