Assessing the Community Prevalence of Bipolar Spectrum Symptoms by the Mood Disorder Questionnaire

Mangelli, Lara; Benazzi, Franco; Fava, Giovanni A.

doi:10.1159/000083171

Cited by 21 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The two-factor structure of the Chinese MDQ was comparable to an 'energized-activity' factor and an 'irritability-racing thoughts' factor in previous factor analytic studies of the MDQ. 32,33 Similar factors were also obtained in the factor analysis of mania, assessed by clinical interview during the episode. 34,35 The internal consistency of the Chinese MDQ was similar to those previously described in psychiatric samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Validation of the Chinese version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire in a psychiatric population in Hong Kong

Chung¹,

Tso²,

Cheung³

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Aims:The aim of the present study was to determine the validity of a Chinese version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) as a screening instrument for bipolar disorder in a psychiatric outpatient population in Hong Kong.Methods: A total of 185 patients primarily being treated for mood disorders were asked to fill in the Chinese MDQ and supply other personal data during their scheduled clinic visit. The mean age was 43.0 years and 65.9% were female. A subsample of 102 randomly selected subjects, stratified by the MDQ symptom score, received a telephone-based Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Sixtytwo patients (60.8%) were suffering from bipolar disorder (bipolar I, n = 48; bipolar II, n = 9; bipolar disorder not otherwise specified, n = 5), 35 (34.3%) from depressive disorder, and one (1.0%) from substance dependence, while four (3.9%) were unaffected by either mood or alcohol/substance use disorder. The internal consistency, factor structure and operating characteristics of the Chinese MDQ were analyzed. Results:The internal consistency of the Chinese MDQ, evaluated using Cronbach alpha, was 0.82. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation indicated an 'energized-activity' factor and an 'irritability-racing thoughts' factor, which explained 47.2% of the rotated variance. The optimal cut-off was seven or more manic symptoms occurring within the same time period, which yielded a sensitivity of 0.73 and a specificity of 0.88 for detecting bipolar disorder. An additional criterion that the symptoms cause impairment resulted in significant loss of sensitivity. Conclusion:The Chinese MDQ is a valid screening instrument for bipolar disorder in a psychiatric outpatient population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Validation of the Chinese version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire in a psychiatric population in Hong Kong

Chung¹,

Tso²,

Cheung³

et al. 2008

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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“…This does not mean that these symptoms are always bipolar, only that a bipolar nature is more likely than not in mood disorders (a bipolar nature of irritability and psychomotor agitation in psychotic disorders is expected to be unlikely). The bipolar nature of mixed depression (of which irritability, psychomotor agitation, and distractibility are among the most frequent symptoms) was supported by BP family history (odds ratio = 3.3; controlling for BP-II = 2.4) by a dose-response relationship between the number of intradepression hypomanic symptoms and BP family history loading [38, 47, 48, 61], by finding factors of mania/hypomania in mixed depression [37, 55, 56,71,72,73], and by finding MDE in hypomania [53, 60, 62]. While depression is common in many axis I and axis II disorders, mania and hypomania are more specific of BP [3, 74, 75].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Factors of hypomania were found in MDD mixed depression. The factor structure of hypomania (including 2–3 factors) occurring outside depression [71,72,73] was similar (apart from the ‘elevated mood’ factor) to the factor structure of the hypomanic symptoms of mixed depression [37]. Two hypomanic factors were found in MDD and BP-II mixed depression: a ‘mental activation’ factor including racing/crowded thoughts, and a ‘motor activation’ factor including psychomotor agitation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Is There a Continuity between Bipolar and Depressive Disorders?

Benazzi¹

2007

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Recent studies questioned the current categorical split of mood disorders into bipolar disorders (BP) and depressive disorders (MDD). Methods: Medline database search of papers from the last 10 years on the categorical-dimensional classification of mood disorders. Various combinations of the following key words were used: mood disorders, bipolar, unipolar, major depressive disorder, spectrum, category/categorical, classification, continuity. Only English language clinical papers were included, review papers were excluded, similar papers selected by quality. The number of papers found was 1,141. The number of papers selected was 109. Results: The continuity/spectrum between BP (mainly BP-II) and MDD was supported by the following findings:(1) high frequency of mixed states (mixed mania, mixed hypomania, mixed depression, i.e. co-occurring depression and noneuphoric manic/hypomanic symptoms) because opposite polarity symptoms in the same episode do not support a hypomania/mania-depression splitting; (2) MDD was the most common mood disorder in BP probands’ relatives; (3) no bimodal distribution of distinguishing symptoms between BP and MDD; (4) bipolar signs not uncommon in MDD; (5) many MDD shifting to BP; (6) many lifetime manic/hypomanic symptoms in MDD; (7) correlation between lifetime manic/hypomanic symptoms and MDD symptoms; (8) hypomania factors in MDD; (9) MDD often recurrent; (10) similar cognitive style.The categorical distinction between BP (mainly BP-I) and MDD was supported by the following findings: (1) BP more common in BP probands’ relatives; (2) lower age at BP onset; (3) females as common as males in BP-I, more common than males in MDD; (4) BP-I depression more atypical and retarded, MDD depression more sleepless and agitated; (5) BP more recurrent. Conclusions: Focusing on mood spectrum’s extremes (BP-I vs. MDD), a categorical distinction seems supported. Focusing on midway disorders (BP-II and MDD plus bipolar signs), a continuity/spectrum seems supported. Results seem to support both a categorical and a dimensional view of mood disorders.

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“…The clinical variables were collected by clinical psychiatrists, using a face-to-face interview and the typical assessment instruments of research in clinical psychiatry, as required by the modern recommendations [49, 50]. The life events were collected and recorded by means of a specific interview and their evaluation was made by specifically trained raters who were not influenced by the possible psychiatric consequences of the events (they did not know whether a given account referred to a case or to a non-case).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of Life Events: Life Events and Psychiatric Disorders in the Sesto Fiorentino Study

Faravelli

Catena

Scarpato

et al. 2007

Psychother Psychosom

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Background: Although life events have been consistently reported as precipitating factors for most psychiatric disorders, there is no comprehensive investigation of the relationship between severe life events and psychiatric disorders in the general population. Methods: This is a community-based study of psychiatric disorders among a cohort representative of adults in an Italian town. A total of 2,363 subjects out of 2,500 selected to be representative of the population living in Sesto Fiorentino, central Italy, were interviewed by their own general practitioner using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Of the 613 subjects, 609 who resulted positive for any psychiatric disorders and 123 out of a random sample of 130 negatives were re-interviewed by the psychiatrists using the Florence Psychiatric Interview. The Florence Psychiatric Interview was used to explore each distinct psychiatric episode. Life events were recorded in detail by a specific interview. Results: During the year prior to the onset of the first psychiatric disorder, 35.8% of cases suffered from at least a severe event, compared with 12.2% of non-cases during a comparable period (OR = 4.0, 95% CI = 2.3–7.1). The excess of life events occurred for almost all the diagnostic categories. The same results were reproduced even when only the ‘independent’ life events were considered. The distribution of the events through the 12 months taken into account showed an even distribution of events among non-cases, whereas there was a clear accumulation in the last 3 months prior to the onset of the pathology in the cases. Conclusions: Life stress is one of the main precipitating factors of psychopathology.

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Assessing the Community Prevalence of Bipolar Spectrum Symptoms by the Mood Disorder Questionnaire

Cited by 21 publications

References 47 publications

Validation of the Chinese version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire in a psychiatric population in Hong Kong

Validation of the Chinese version of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire in a psychiatric population in Hong Kong

Is There a Continuity between Bipolar and Depressive Disorders?

Epidemiology of Life Events: Life Events and Psychiatric Disorders in the Sesto Fiorentino Study

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