Assessing the early degradation of photovoltaic modules performance in the Saharan region

Reliability and Degradation of Solar PV Modules—Case Study of 19-Year-Old Polycrystalline Modules in Ghana

“…A number of researchers have undertaken, over the years, to study the long-term outdoor performance, degradation and failure of solar PV modules around the world. Notable authors in this area include Lorenzo et al [36], Bandou et al [37], Ndiaye et al [38], Jordan and Kurtz [18], Quintana et al [39], Skoczek [40], Skoczek et al [41], Kahoul et al [42] and Ferrara and Daniel [43]. The literature identifies major causes and modes of module degradation and failure to include [18,39]: degradation of packaging materials, loss of adhesion, degradation of cell/module interconnects as a result of thermomechanical fatigue, degradation due to moisture intrusion and degradation of semiconductor device [39].…”

A comprehensive simulator for assessing the reliability of a photovoltaic panel peak power tracking system

“…1) is chosen because most of the time the results have a high degree of consistency with experimental data and they are relatively simple to implement and analyze [8].…”

A review on the thermal regulation techniques for non integrated flat PV modules mounted on building top

“…High velocity liquid is forced through a narrow hole onto PV surface [23] Large amount of heat could be dissipated due to thin thermal boundary layer that is formed in the stagnation zone directly under the impingement An array of jets is required to avoid uneven cooling; Interaction of liquids in an array of jets; orifice design; stand-off distance 3 Mounting heat exchangers in the rear side of PV panel [24][25][26][27]29,30] Heat is dissipated to the cooling medium that is being circulated in the heat exchanger…”

“…The permanent structural damage caused by the development of thermal stress due to excessive heating of PV module at elevated operating temperature is known as thermal degradation of the module. Life time and reliability are also adversely affected due to hostile weather conditions, particularly high temperature [3].…”

“…(vii) Longer exposure to high temperatures results in negative temperature coefficients due to the deterioration of the cell junction quality. Only few studies on the degradation of PV modules are available [2,3,48,49], hence it is worth to have more investigations on the degradation of modules due to longer exposure to higher temperatures. (viii) Future research investigations may also include studies on the deterioration of materials like PCM [39,40], clay [42], cotton wick structure [43], gas [44] etc., that act as media for producing the desired cooling effect.…”