Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing

Hu, Shanshan; Yun-yun, Fan; Zhang, Tao

doi:10.3390/land9010017

Cited by 82 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…In this research we undertook a literature review, field investigation, questionnaire survey, physical survey (sound level meter), general linear regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Analysis accounted for the fact that interactions between social and ecological systems are complex [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating a Healthy Environment for Elderly People in Urban Public Activity Space

Shan

Xiu

2020

IJERPH

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According to statistics, the global, population aging problem is severe and growing rapidly. The aging problem is most obvious in some European countries, and most of them are developed countries, such as Japan, Italy, Germany, France, etc. The current internal and external environments of parks in China are complex. The inefficient utilization of space in urban parks is a prominent problem. The design of public spaces that only considers the visual experience is incomplete. Based on the optimization of urban park space planning principle, this study examined a new measure of the acoustic environment in elderly public activity space and designed a new elderly healthy urban park environment. Methods: Using the main parks in Shenyang (Zhongshan Park, Nanhu Park, Youth Park, and Labor park) as the study sites, this study analyzed problems in the acoustic environmental data through on-site inspection, questionnaire survey, and physical data collection. By using general linear regression and multiple regression methods, this study analyzed the impacts of plant density, site elevation, structure enclosure, functional mixing degree on the acoustic environment, and elderly population activities. Based on the acoustic environment, we propose improvements and construction ideas, as well as technical methods, for urban elderly public activity space planning. The utility of the “elderly public activity space planning principle” was also considered. Results: Elderly activity space in urban parks was affected by three main factors—plant density, degree of structural enclosure, and function mixing degree. These factors should be optimized to construct healthy acoustic environments and attract different types of people. Discussion: Compared to past studies, the new influencing factors of the planning principle for elderly public activity space found in this study, would benefit the urban park environment for the elderly and support sustainable development of cities. Conclusions: This study proposes three optimizations to the elderly urban park space planning principle and builds four healthy models of elderly urban space activity.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creating a Healthy Environment for Elderly People in Urban Public Activity Space

Shan

Xiu

2020

IJERPH

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“…Many other key ecosystem services and soil properties are affected by soil sealing. Water infiltration is prevented or reduced, changing surface runoff patterns and seasonal dynamics of soil water content (Majidzadeh et al 2018;Hu et al 2020;Kelleher et al 2020). Paving materials can act as a reservoir for contaminants such as heavy metals (Hu et al 2018) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Li et al 2020), and soil temperatures can be increased (Chen et al 2016(Chen et al , 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban soil microbial community and microbial-related carbon storage are severely limited by sealing

Pereira

O'Riordan

2021

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose Urbanisation causes changes in land use, from natural or rural to urban, leading to the sealing of soil and the replacement of vegetation by buildings, roads and pavements. The sealing process impacts soil properties and services and can lead to negative consequences for microbial attributes and processes in soil. At present, information about the microbial community following soil sealing is limited. As such, we investigated how changes in soil physical and chemical properties caused by sealing affect the soil microbial community and soil ecosystem services. Material and methods Soils were sampled beneath impervious pavements (sealed) and from adjacent pervious greenspace areas (unsealed). Soil properties (total C, total N, C:N ratio and water content) and microbial attributes (microbial biomass C, N-mineralisation and phospholipid fatty acids—PLFA) were measured and correlated. Results and discussion A reduction of total C, total N, and water content were observed in sealed soil, whilst the C:N ratio increased. Sealed soil also presented a reduction in microbial attributes, with low N-mineralisation revealing suppressed microbial activity. PLFA data presented positive correlations with total C, total N and water content, suggesting that the microbial community may be reduced in sealed soil as a response to soil properties. Furthermore, fungal:bacterial and gram-positive:gram-negative bacterial ratios were lower in sealed soil indicating degradation in C sequestration and a consequential effect on C storage. Conclusions Sealing causes notable changes in soil properties leading to subsequent impacts upon the microbial community and the reduction of microbial activity and soil C storage potential.

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“…Interestingly, beyond its original scope, it has also been extended to several other scientific areas such as flood design for hydraulic structure [19][20], water balance calculation, sediment yield modelling [21][22][23][24][25], sediment transport [26], water quality [27][28], irrigation [29], soil moisture modelling [30], long-term hydrologic simulation [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38], prediction of infiltration and rainfallexcess rates [39][40][41][42][43], rainwater harvesting [44][45][46][47], urban hydrology [48][49], hydrograph simulation [50], e-flow assessment [51], partitioning of heavy metals [52][53], transport of pollutants [50]. Moreover, many research efforts have also investigated the utility of the SCS-CN method in quantifying the runoff response due to land use/cover changes [54][55][56][57], and effect of forest fires on hydrological response and the associated hydrological risks [58][59][60]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved SCS-CN Model Incorporating Storm Duration and Rainfall-based Initial Abstraction for Runoff Estimation

Rk¹,

Verma²,

Sharma³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The need of incorporating storm intensity or duration in Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) methodology for improved direct surface runoff estimation for a watershed has been highlighted by many engineers and hydrologists since long and despite this fact, it is still poorly explored. Therefore, this study aims to present storm duration-based improved SCS-CN models for estimating more accurate direct surface runoff from rainfall events. The accuracy and consistency of improved models are tested on a large rainfall-runoff dataset (18,660 rainfall events) derived from 39 watersheds in the USDA-ARS. Furthermore, the quantitative model’s performance is also evaluated employing six widely accepted statistical measures viz. root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), normalized root mean square error (NRMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), observations standard deviation ratio (RSR), and several grading criteria. These models are compared with the original SCS-CN model (M1) and its simple form (M2) with traditionally fixed initial abstraction ratio (λ) as 0.2. The resulting lowest values of RMSE, NRMSE, MAE, NSE, PBIAS and highest values of RSR and ranking grading system (RGS) for the proposed models (M3-M5) reveal that their performance is better than M1 and M2 models. The proposed M5 model incorporating both storm duration and varying initial abstraction (Ia) as a certain percentage of rainfall, performed the best followed by M3 incorporating only storm duration. According to RGS, M5 also ranked first with the highest marks (195) followed by M3 (140). Due to high accuracy in predicted runoff, M5 can be recommended for both small and large watersheds as it overcomes the following issues: fixed λ (=0.2), assumption of constant rainfall intensity (time-independent), fixation of Ia at 2% of rainfall and applicability to only small watersheds, restricting the application of original SCS-CN and its modified versions.

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Assessing the Effect of Land Use Change on Surface Runoff in a Rapidly Urbanized City: A Case Study of the Central Area of Beijing

Cited by 82 publications

References 64 publications

Creating a Healthy Environment for Elderly People in Urban Public Activity Space

Creating a Healthy Environment for Elderly People in Urban Public Activity Space

Urban soil microbial community and microbial-related carbon storage are severely limited by sealing

Improved SCS-CN Model Incorporating Storm Duration and Rainfall-based Initial Abstraction for Runoff Estimation

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