Assessing the effect of long-term crop cultivation on distribution of Cd in the root zone

Trace Elements in Biosolids‐Amended Soils

“…The dynamic and interactive processes of trace element transformations are best demonstrated by a mass balance model [31,32] and the local specific conditions such as total element concentration, soil pH, soil organic matter, soil texture, and concentrations of the competing elements could influence the outcomes. Chang et al [33] concluded that soil texture did not appear to influence sorption of trace elements as two soils, the Domino loam and Greenfield sandy loam, under comparable land application conditions exhibited the identical trace element accumulation characteristics.…”

Impacts of urbanization on the distribution of heavy metals in soils along the Huangpu River, the drinking water source for Shanghai

“…Therefore, the major factors affecting metal concentrations in soil layers were fluctuations in background values and past physical disturbance. The impacts of soil solute leaching on metal concentrations in deep soil layers were probably minor, due to the strong adsorption of heavy metals to soil particles (Chen et al 2009). …”

Ecotoxicological models

“…These questions cannot be answered without models, and we cannot develop models without knowing the most important parameters, at least within some ranges. OECD has made a review of the properties that Gard (1990) Pesticides 3Loss rates Jørgensen et al (1995) TCDD 3Photodegradation Jørgensen et al (1995) Toxicants 4Effects general on populations Gard (1990) Pesticides and surfactants 3Fate in rice fields Jørgensen et al (1997) Toxicants 3Migration of dissolved toxicants Monte (1998) Growth promoters (3) Fate, agriculture Jørgensen et al (1998) Toxicity 3Effect on eutrophication Legovic (1997) Pesticides 3Mineralization Fomsgaard (1997) Mecoprop 3Mineralization in soil Fomsgaard and Kristensen (1999) Pesticides 1Ecological assessment, pollution management Jisng and Wsn 2009Cadmium 3Crop contamination Chen et al (2009) Insect pheromone (3) Dispersion within forest canopies Strand et al (2009) PCB 1Risk assessment in Baiyangdian Lake, China Zhang et al 2013Pesticides ( we should know for all chemicals. We need to know the boiling point and melting point to know the chemical form (as solid, liquid, or gas) found in the environment.…”