Assessing the Effectiveness of Thin-Layer Sand Caps for Contaminated Sediment Management through Passive Sampling

Lampert, David J.; Sarchet, William V.; Reible, Danny D.

doi:10.1021/es200406a

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The separation of benthic organisms from contaminated sediments by an inert nonsorbing sand layer, however, was effective as long as the depth of active bioturbation was less than the thickness of the sand layer. This component of the overall demonstration was published in Lampert et al (2011) 19 and that publication is summarized here.…”

Section: Laboratory Demonstration Of Cap Performance Assessment Usingmentioning

confidence: 81%

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Reible¹,

Lotufo²

2012

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Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8/98) REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEPrescribed by ANSI Std. Z39.18 Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188The public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Department of Defense, Executive Services and Communications Directorate (0704-0188). Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. The goal of the project was to develop and standardize a procedure using field deployable solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the measurement of freely-dissolved porewater concentrations of hydrophobic organics and demonstrate the relationship of these measurements to contaminant flux, bioavailability and bioaccumulation. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM 139Danny Reible 512-471-4642Reset ii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OBJECTIVES OF THE DEMONSTRATIONThe goal of the project was to develop and standardize a procedure using field deployable solid phase microextraction (SPME) for the measurement of freely-dissolved porewater concentrations of hydrophobic organics and demonstrate the relationship of these measurements to contaminant flux, bioavailability and bioaccumulation.Specific objectives of the PDMS technology for hydrophobic organic compounds include:Determination of mobile and available contaminants in sediments Assessment of bioaccumulation potential in benthic organisms Assessment of vertical chemical profiles in surficial sediments and sediment capsThe work was conducted in sediments both in laboratory and field testing. Laboratory testing allows sediments to be collected and tested in the laboratory, avoiding problematic field deployments where placement and retrieval is too difficult or costly. This testing also allows coupling of availability measurements with laboratory bioassays under controlled conditions avoiding the difficulties and variability of field bioassays. The field testing allows determination of availability and cap performance under conditions that might not be reproducible in the laboratory. All porewater measurements herein were measured in-situ (i.e. in sediments whether field or lab) and require no porewater separation from the sediments prior to analysis. TECHNOLOGY DESCRIPTIONIn-situ solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a passive sampling approach for measuring hydrophobic organic contaminants in porewater and involves the insertion of a polymer sorbent into the sediments, withdrawal after a period of time, preferably after achievement of equilibrium, and measuring the contaminants sorbed to the polymer. The contaminant conc...

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Section: Laboratory Demonstration Of Cap Performance Assessment Usingmentioning

confidence: 81%

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Reible¹,

Lotufo²

2012

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“…Prior to any experiment, the fiber was cleaned by sonication in hexane for at least 45 min, followed by four rinses with acetone and then rinsed with deionized water (Lampert et al, 2011). Each slice from both cores was manually homogenized and a subsample of ~15 g of wet sediment was used to determine the PCB freely-dissolved sediment pore water concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sediment pore water distribution coefficients of PCB congeners in enriched black carbon sediment

Martínez

O'Sullivan

Reible

et al. 2013

Environmental Pollution

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More than 2300 sediment pore water distribution coefficients (KPCBi ds) of 93 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured and modeled from sediments from Indiana Harbor and Ship Canal. KPCBi ds were calculated from previously reported bulk sediment values and newly analyzed pore water. PCBs in pore waters were measured using SPME PDMS-fiber and ∑PCB ranged from 41 to 1500 ng L−1. The resulting KPCBi ds were ~ 1 log unit lower in comparison to other reported values. A simple model for the KPCBi d consisted of the product of the organic carbon fraction and the octanol-water partition coefficient and provided an excellent prediction for the measured values, with a mean square error of 0.09 ± 0.06. Although black carbon content is very high in these sediments and was expected to play an important role in the distribution of PCBs, no improvement was obtained when a two-carbon model was used.

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“…In addition, the benthic chamber method determines only escaping fluxes from sediment; worse yet the sorbent phase can drive sequestered chemicals out of sediment in the enclosed space, inflating the measured fluxes. 9 It is noted that Lampert et al 15 used individual polydimethylsiloxane-coated fibers to measure the vertical concentration profiles of HOCs in both sediment and overlying water, but their goal was to evaluate the contaminant migration rates through thin-layer sand caps with a simple flux model.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Passive Sampling Device for Measuring Sediment–Water Diffusion Fluxes of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals

Liu

Bao

Zhang

et al. 2013

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Molecular diffusion across the sediment−water interface, as one of the key geochemical processes, dictates whether a sediment is a source or sink of chemicals, providing useful data in designing remedial actions. Despite ample previous efforts in quantifying sediment−water diffusion fluxes, the resulting methods are largely unsatisfactory. Herein, we introduce a novel passive sampling device capable of measuring vertical profiles of chemical concentrations near the sediment−water interface, from which diffusion fluxes can be calculated based on a model that we developed. In laboratory testing, diffusion fluxes (0.032−310 ng m −2 d −1 ) of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its metabolites obtained from the present sampling device were consistent with those (0.38− 610 ng m −2 d −1 ) determined by using a conventional active sampling method, solid-phase extraction/liquid−liquid extraction. Field deployment of the sampling device yielded individual diffusion fluxes of p,p′-DDD, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDMU, o,p′-DDMU, p,p′-DDNU, and p,p′-DBP in the range of 5.9−150 ng m −2 d −1 , which were comparable to those (5.5−85 ng m −2 d −1 ) obtained with a benthic chamber. Moreover, diffusion fluxes of p,p′-DDT and o,p′-DDT obtained with the sampling device were negative; i.e., the sediment is acting as a sink for these chemicals, while that could not be found using the benthic chamber. Thus, the passive sampling device can provide better information about the movement of chemicals through the sediment and overlying water for the choice of remedial strategies.

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Assessing the Effectiveness of Thin-Layer Sand Caps for Contaminated Sediment Management through Passive Sampling

Cited by 53 publications

References 34 publications

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Demonstration and Evaluation of Solid Phase Microextraction for the Assessment of Bioavailability and Contaminant Mobility

Sediment pore water distribution coefficients of PCB congeners in enriched black carbon sediment

Novel Passive Sampling Device for Measuring Sediment–Water Diffusion Fluxes of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals

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