Assessing the efficacy of locally constructed model kits in teaching and learning of writing and naming binary compounds

Abstract

The study constructed Valency Arm and Y-shaped Model Kits using local materials from the school community, serving as interventions for Sekyere Central District junior high students in Ghana. Effectiveness was tested using a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test control group design in teaching binary compounds writing and naming. We randomly selected four intact classes, two as the experimental group (n = 69) and the other two as the control group (n = 67). After constructing and using the model kits in the teaching and learning process of writing and naming binary compounds, it was found that the experimental group, who received instruction with the model kits, had better retention of the concepts and principles than the control group. These improved learning gains were evident in the three successive tests (Pillai's Trace = 0.440, F (2, 133) = 52.319, p = 0.000, partial eta squared = 0.440). Additionally, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 11 randomly selected respondents from the experimental group. This interview identified four critical features that the junior high school students perceived as benefits of using the model kits in teaching writing and naming binary compounds. These benefits were a better understanding of the principles, improved attitude towards writing and naming binary compounds, better retention of concepts, and active participation and interest in class lessons. The results imply that junior high school science teachers who want to promote effective teaching and learning of writing and naming binary compounds should consider using these model kits if the original models are unavailable.