Assessing the efficacy of oral intake of insecticides on mortality of fleas and ticks on commensal Rattus species

Jacob, Jens; Aplin, Ken; Watson, D.M.; Hinds, Lyn A.

doi:10.1007/s10340-020-01316-5

Cited by 8 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This was in line with previous studies 30,32,33,38 that demonstrated the swift action of fipronil in several ectoparasite species at several concentrations usually with better results than for other systemic insecticides such as hydramethylnon, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, abamectin and indoxacarb. 34 In addition, fipronil seems palatable to commensal species such as the black rat (Rattus rattus), 38 Norway rats and house mice, 34 as well as noncommensal species such as blacktailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus). 30 Both flea species died within one to two days and newly added fleas attached but then died quickly for several days after bait consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar technique was used previously. 34 Briefly, the screw-on cap was punctured with a probe to provide aeration for fleas/ticks and the assembly was attached to a PVC base (weight of the retainer plus lid = 0.7 g). These retainers were used for both rats and mice.…”

Section: Retainers and Collarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For rats only, a collar comprising the cap of a centrifuge tube (diameter = 2 cm) to which a cable tie was attached was made. 34 The cable tie was heated slightly to enable it to fit comfortably around the neck of the rat once tightened. The collar (weight of collar plus tie = 1.9 g) could be re-used by attaching a new cable tie.…”

Section: Retainers and Collarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26][27][28] Likewise, oral intake of fipronil controls ectoparasites including fleas, sand flies and mosquitoes on a range of species, [29][30][31][32][33] and kills ticks and fleas on Norway rats and wild house mice. 34 Other compounds such as cythioate, ivermectin, thiamethoxam often lack sufficient palatability and/or efficacy in commensal rodent species to reduce both flea and tick load appropriately, 34 but not always. 35,36 So far, rodenticide-insecticide combinations have been tested only sporadically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter was confirmed for several rodent and ectoparasite species. 34 Bromadiolone (0.005%) also was combined with phoxim, fenthion and dimethoate but all insecticides decreased bait palatability in black rats despite increased rat flea mortality being observed. 39 The efficacy of a combination of anticoagulant coumatetralyl and insecticide etofenprox was tested with great gerbils (Rhombomys opimus) which are a host of the sand fly Phlebotomus papatasi that transmits the parasite Leishmania major, the causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis to humans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of a combined insecticide–rodenticide product on ectoparasite and commensal rodent mortality

Hinds

Grice

Watson³

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Ectoparasites may transfer zoonotic pathogens from rodents to humans or livestock when rodents are managed with rodenticides. This could be minimized using a product combining a rodenticide with a delayed action and a systemic insecticide/acaricide that rapidly kills ectoparasites. Such a combination was tested in commensal pest rodent species to assess efficacy and timing of responses in rodents, and fleas and ticks feeding on them. Ticks or fleas attached to rats (Rattus norvegicus) and house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) were exposed to a product containing brodifacoum (50 ppm) and fipronil (40 ppm) for three days. RESULTS 98–100% of fleas on treated rodents died within one to two days after first exposure, whereas >90% fleas survived on control rodents. The effect persisted for four or more days after bait uptake. Ticks started to succumb to the effect of the combination product within one day (mice) and within four days (rats) of first exposure, with all ticks dying by Day (D)8. Tick survival in control rodents was 90–100%. Rodent mortality began at D3 (rats) and D4 (mice) after first consumption of product and all were dead by D9 (rats) and D7 (mice). CONCLUSION This product effectively killed ectoparasites and rodents. Flea mortality was swift and complete, generally within one day of exposure, whereas it took ticks up to four days to die, but before the rats and house mice died. The combination product might help to prevent ectoparasites migrating from dying rodents to another host. Field trials are warranted. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retainers and Collarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Retainers and Collarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Efficacy of a combined insecticide–rodenticide product on ectoparasite and commensal rodent mortality

Hinds

Grice

Watson³

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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Synergistic effects of EP‐1 and ivermectin mixture (iEP‐1) to control rodents and their ectoparasites

Liu

Ren

Wan

et al. 2022

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Ectoparasites of rodents play significant roles in disease transmission to humans. Conventional poisoning potentially reduces the population densities of rodents, however, they may increase the ectoparasite loads on the surviving hosts. EP-1 has been shown to have anti-fertility effects on many rodent species, while ivermectin is effective in controlling ectoparasites. In this study, we examined the combined effects of EP-1 and ivermectin mixture (iEP-1) baits on rodents and their corresponding flea/tick loads. RESULTS: In males, the weight of testis, epididymis, and seminiferous vesicle were reduced to less than 33%, 25%, and 17%, respectively, compared to the control group following administration of iEP-1 for 7 days. The weight of the uterus increased by approximately 75%. After 5 days of iEP-1 intake, all ticks were killed, whereas 94% of fleas on mice died after 3 days of bait intake. In the field test near Beijing, the flea index was reduced by more than 90% after 7 days of iEP-1 bait delivery. In a field test in Inner Mongolia, the weights of testis, epididymis, and seminiferous vesicle were significantly reduced by 27%, 32%, and 57%, respectively, 2 weeks after iEP-1 bait delivery. Approximately 36% rodents exhibited obvious uterine oedema accompanied by a weight increase of about 150%. The flea index was reduced by over 90%. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that iEP-1 is a promising treatment for reducing the abundance of both small rodents and their ectoparasites; this will be effective for managing rodent damage and transmission of rodent-borne diseases associated with fleas and ticks.

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Antibacterial polypeptide-bioparticle for oral administration: Powder formulation, palatability and in vivo toxicity approach

Ramirez

Mathews

Madrid

et al. 2023

Biomaterials Advances

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Assessing the efficacy of oral intake of insecticides on mortality of fleas and ticks on commensal Rattus species

Cited by 8 publications

References 29 publications

Efficacy of a combined insecticide–rodenticide product on ectoparasite and commensal rodent mortality

Efficacy of a combined insecticide–rodenticide product on ectoparasite and commensal rodent mortality

Synergistic effects of EP‐1 and ivermectin mixture (iEP‐1) to control rodents and their ectoparasites

Antibacterial polypeptide-bioparticle for oral administration: Powder formulation, palatability and in vivo toxicity approach

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