Assessing the emission impacts of autonomous vehicles on metropolitan freeways

Tomás, Ricardo; Fernandes, Paulo; Macedo, Eloísa; Bandeira, Jorge; Coelho, Margarida C.

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2020.03.139

Cited by 32 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In general, a network with an equal proportion of TVs and AVs (50%-50%) provided 41.3% improvement in the quality of traffic, whereas a road entirely populated by AVs demonstrated a 57.6% improvement. Tomás et al (2020) also found this result, that with lower proportions of AVs that emissions savings were less. Such an evaluation indicates how efficient a road shared by TVs and AVs can be in improving traffic quality, and how much a dedicated lane for AVs can be beneficial in this matter.…”

Section: Simulation Results Of the Shared Road (Transition From Tvs Tmentioning

confidence: 55%

Simulating a transition to autonomous mobility

Rezaei

Caulfield

2021

Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study examined the transition from Traditional Vehicles (TVs) to Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) using microsimulation modelling approaches. For this purpose, the study first optimised the parameters of human driving behaviours to find out what would happen if AVs could drive with modified human behaviours. Then, the study acquired the optimised driving behaviours to evaluate how efficient AVs can be within the context of the anticipated driving behaviours. The shared road of AVs and TVs was tested for where the proportion of the AVs incremented by 10% from an entirely traditional network to a network fully occupied by AVs. Such an assessment of the shared road represented the transition periods between TVs and AVs in highway transport. Overall, the simulation results in this study indicated that AVs could substantially improve the quality of traffic, especially by reducing the number of stops, queue length, and delay time. The study also found that TVs and AVs can efficiently share their road, and the improvement in the quality of traffic increases with an increase in the proportion of AVs to TVs, up to a specific level, on the road. In this regard, according to the results from the peak and normal traffic conditions, a road with a 60% share of AVs can see its traffic quality improved as much as a road entirely populated by AVs. Therefore, dedicating 100% of the road traffic to AVs or devoting a dedicated lane for AVs in peak traffic hours might be as efficient as a shared road with 60% AVs.Urban Network Calibration of Vissim W99 parameters using trial data Vissim Virdi et al. 2019 Australia Urban Network and Freeway Surrogate Safety Assessment Module (SSAM) Vissim Lu et al. 2016 Canada Urban Network Video processing with sensitivity analysis Vissim Durrani et al. 2016 US Freeway Analysing vehicle trajectories Vissim Song et al.

show abstract

Section: Simulation Results Of the Shared Road (Transition From Tvs Tmentioning

confidence: 55%

Simulating a transition to autonomous mobility

Rezaei

Caulfield

2021

Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hence, due to the absence of real-based data on the car-following algorithms used in the CAV industry, a frequently used approach to explore and anticipate CAVs impacts is to modify the current Car-Following Parameters (CFP) and adapt lane change models in the traffic simulation and modeling platforms to simulate the impact of CAVs operation on the network [52]. In some studies, it is assumed that CAVs can incorporate car-following adaptive algorithms to achieve secondary objectives such as minimizing emissions [51], [53], improve safety and mobility [23]. Other works attempt to anticipate the behavior of CAVs [24], [53]- [55] under different connectivity and automation levels [56], and connectivity with the leading vehicle and driving logics [18], [45].…”

Section: Simulation Of Cavs Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In some studies, it is assumed that CAVs can incorporate car-following adaptive algorithms to achieve secondary objectives such as minimizing emissions [51], [53], improve safety and mobility [23]. Other works attempt to anticipate the behavior of CAVs [24], [53]- [55] under different connectivity and automation levels [56], and connectivity with the leading vehicle and driving logics [18], [45]. For simulating CAVs driving movements, many studies have been conducted based on adjusting CFP from the PTV VISSIM traffic simulation model [13], particularly under the Wiedemann 99 car-following model.…”

Section: Simulation Of Cavs Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Pollutant Emission Effects of Connected and Automated Vehicles in a Mixed Traffic Flow Context for Different Road Types

Bandeira¹,

Macedo

Fernandes

et al. 2021

IEEE Open J. Intell. Transp. Syst.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The environmental impact of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) is still uncertain. Little is known about how CAVs operational behavior influences the environmental performance of network traffic, including conventional vehicles (CVs). In this paper, a microscopic traffic and emission modeling platform was applied to simulate CAVs operation in Motorway, Rural, and Urban road sections of a medium-sized European city, assuming different configurations of the car-following model parameters associated with a pre-determined or cooperative adaptative behavior of the CAVs. The main contribution is to evaluate the impact of the CAVs operation on the distribution of accelerations, Vehicle Specific Power (VSP) modal distribution, carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions for different road types and Market Penetration Rates (MPR). Results suggest CAVs operational behavior can affect CVs environmental performance either positively or negatively, depending on the driving settings and road type. It was found network-wide CO2 varies between savings of 18% and an increase of 4%, depending on the road type and MPR. CAVs adjusted driving settings allowed minimization of system NOx up to 13-23% for MPR ranging between 10 and 90%. These findings may support policymakers and traffic planners in developing strategies to better accommodate CAVs in a sustainable way.

show abstract

“…Tomás et al investigated the GHG implications of three different AV penetration rates (10, 20, and 30%) along an urban freeway corridor in the city of Porto, Portugal [ 25 ]. Authors used vehicle-specific power (VSP) and EEA-33 (environmental emergencies member countries) methodologies coupled with the VISSIM traffic model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles on Greenhouse Gas Emissions—Positive or Negative?

Massar

Reza

Rahman

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The potential effects of autonomous vehicles (AVs) on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are uncertain, although numerous studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact. This paper aims to synthesize and review all the literature regarding the topic in a systematic manner to eliminate the bias and provide an overall insight, while incorporating some statistical analysis to provide an interval estimate of these studies. This paper addressed the effect of the positive and negative impacts reported in the literature in two categories of AVs: partial automation and full automation. The positive impacts represented in AVs’ possibility to reduce GHG emission can be attributed to some factors, including eco-driving, eco traffic signal, platooning, and less hunting for parking. The increase in vehicle mile travel (VMT) due to (i) modal shift to AVs by captive passengers, including elderly and disabled people and (ii) easier travel compared to other modes will contribute to raising the GHG emissions. The result shows that eco-driving and platooning have the most significant contribution to reducing GHG emissions by 35%. On the other side, easier travel and faster travel significantly contribute to the increase of GHG emissions by 41.24%. Study findings reveal that the positive emission changes may not be realized at a lower AV penetration rate, where the maximum emission reduction might take place within 60–80% of AV penetration into the network.

show abstract

Assessing the emission impacts of autonomous vehicles on metropolitan freeways

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

Simulating a transition to autonomous mobility

Simulating a transition to autonomous mobility

Potential Pollutant Emission Effects of Connected and Automated Vehicles in a Mixed Traffic Flow Context for Different Road Types

Impacts of Autonomous Vehicles on Greenhouse Gas Emissions—Positive or Negative?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About