Assessing the emotional needs of women with spontaneous premature ovarian failure

Groff, Allison A.; Covington, Sharon N.; Halverson, Lynn; Fitzgerald, O. Ray; Vanderhoof, Vien H.; Calis, Karim A.; Nelson, Lawrence M.

doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2004.11.067

Cited by 132 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For most women, it can be an unexpected and distressing diagnosis, with unpleasant symptoms, but made worse by the fact that it coincides with infertility. The diagnosis of POF may have a deleterious psychological impact, and the emotional importance of the condition is often underestimated (Liao et al 2000, Groff et al 2005.…”

Section: Clinical Presentation Of Pofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premature ovarian failure

Shelling¹

2010

Reproduction

233

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Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a common cause of infertility in women, and is characterised by amenorrhoea, hypo-oestrogenism and elevated gonadotrophin levels in women under the age of 40. Known causes include iatrogenic agents that cause permanent damage to the ovaries, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery, autoimmune conditions, X-chromosome abnormalities and autosomal genetic conditions. However, few genes have been identified that can explain a substantial proportion of cases of POF. Most women with POF are deeply upset by the diagnosis, partly due to the unexpected menopausal symptoms, but also due to infertility. Therefore, early detection would provide better opportunity for early intervention, and furthermore, the identification of specific gene defects will help to direct potential targets for future treatment.

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Section: Clinical Presentation Of Pofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Premature ovarian failure

Shelling¹

2010

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233

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“…This diagnosis can be emotionally traumatic and emotional needs of the patient need to be addressed as should further support be available [6]. Adequate information regarding the diagnosis should be given as according to Groff et al [7], most patients feel inadequate information decreased their sense of control [7]. We report a rare case of a female patient with ALL, who received chemotherapy, radiotherapy and stem cell transplant, and was later found to have 46 XY chromosomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

XY Chromosome in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Female with Secondary Amenorrhea

Al‐Jaroudi¹

2015

CSROA

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“…22 Shyness and social anxiety, impaired self-esteem, and a perceived low level of social support are more frequent among women with spontaneous 46,XX primary ovarian insufficiency than among women who do not have this condition. 23,24 Many women report experiencing severe emotional distress 25 and want guidance on how to cope with the emotional sequelae, but few ask for it directly. It is best to schedule a return office visit to inform women of this diagnosis; patients should be encouraged to identify sources of emotional support.…”

Section: Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency

Cooper¹,

Covington²,

Nelson³

2010

Amenorrhea

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A 30-year-old woman presents with a history of no menses since she stopped taking oral contraceptives 6 months ago in order to conceive. She had undergone puberty that was normal in both timing and development, with menarche at 12 years of age. At 18 years of age, she started taking oral contraceptives for irregular menses. She reports stress at work. Her weight is 59 kg, and her height 1.66 m; her body-mass index (the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) is 21.3. There is no galactorrhea, hirsutism, or acne. The pelvic examination is normal, a pregnancy test is negative, the prolactin level is normal, and the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level is in the menopausal range. How should she be evaluated and treated? THE CLINICAL PROBLEMThe ovary is unique in the endocrine system in that an entirely new secretory structure is developed within it each month -the graafian follicle, which arises from a microscopic primordial follicle. Menopause, defined as the permanent cessation of menses, results from the depletion of potentially functional primordial follicles. The mean (±SD) age at the time of natural menopause is 50±4 years. 1 Menopause before the age of 40 years is considered to be premature.Primary ovarian insufficiency is the preferred term for the condition that was previously referred to as premature menopause or premature ovarian failure; other terms used for this condition include primary ovarian failure and hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, as well as the misnomer, gonadal dysgenesis. 2,3 The condition is considered to be present when a woman who is less than 40 years old has had amenorrhea for 4 months or more, with two serum FSH levels (obtained at least 1 month apart) in the menopausal range. 4,5 The condition differs from menopause in that there is varying and unpredictable ovarian function in approximately 50% of cases, and about 5 to 10% of women conceive and deliver a child after they have received the diagnosis. 4,6-9 Thus, the term "primary ovarian insufficiency," as originally suggested by Albright, meets the need to describe a continuum of impaired ovarian function rather than a dichotomous state. 2,3 This term may also be less stigmatizing than the terms that were used previously.Address reprint requests to Dr. Nelson at the Integrative Reproductive Medicine Unit, NICHD-Intramural Research Program on Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, CRC, Rm. 1-3330, 10 Center Dr., MSC-1103, Bethesda, MD 20892, or at lawrence_nelson@nih.gov. Dr. Nelson reports being an inventor on three United States patents directed to MATER (a potential antigen in autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency) and its applications (U.S. patent numbers 7,189,812; 7,217,811; and 7,432,067), as well as one pending United States patent application (U.S. patent application number 11/586,160) and foreign counterparts. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. Primary ovarian insufficiency occurs through two major mechanisms: follicle dysfunction and foll...

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Assessing the emotional needs of women with spontaneous premature ovarian failure

Cited by 132 publications

References 17 publications

Premature ovarian failure

Premature ovarian failure

XY Chromosome in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia Female with Secondary Amenorrhea

Primary Ovarian Insufficiency

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