Assessing the Environmental Consequences of Major Sporting Events: The 2003/04 FA Cup Final

Collins, Andrea Jayne; Flynn, Andrew; Munday, Max; Roberts, Annette

doi:10.1080/00420980601131878

Cited by 144 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A vital part in 186 S. Kuonen: Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from travel assessing the environmental impact of events, like sporting events, are GHG emissions from travel, as demonstrated by Collins et al (2009) and Collins et al (2007). Even though the basic concept of estimating GHG emissions from travel is indisputable, with the result being based on the distance travelled multiplied with the emission factor of the means of transportation used on this distance, there is no comprehensive and standardized method available yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from travel – a GIS-based study

Kuonen

2015

Geogr. Helv.

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Abstract. Conferences, meetings and congresses are an important part of today's economic and scientific world. But the environmental impact, especially from greenhouse gas emissions associated with travel, can be extensive. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions account for the warming of the atmosphere and oceans. This study draws on the need to quantify and reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with travel activities and aims to give suggestions for organizers and participants on possible ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, demonstrated on the example of the European Geography Association (EGEA) Annual Congress 2013 in Wasilkow, Poland.The lack of a comprehensive methodology for the estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from travel led to an outline of a methodology that uses geographic information systems (GIS) to calculate travel distances. The calculation of travel distances in GIS is adapted from actual transportation infrastructure, derived from the opensource platform OpenStreetMap. The methodology also aims to assess the possibilities to reduce GHG emissions by choosing different means of transportation and a more central conference location.The results of the participants of the EGEA congress, who shared their travel data for this study, show that the total travel distance adds up to 238 000 km, with average travel distance of 2429 km per participant. The travel activities of the participants in the study result in total GHG emissions of 39 300 kg CO 2 -eq including both outward and return trip. On average a participant caused GHG emissions of 401 kg CO 2 -eq. In addition, the analysis of the travel data showed differences in travel behaviour depending on the distance between conference site and point of origin. The findings on travel behaviour have then been used to give an estimation of total greenhouse gas emissions from travel for all participants of the conference, which result in a total amount of 79 711 kg CO 2 -eq.The potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions by substituting short flights with train rides and car rides with bus and train rides is limited. Only 6 % of greenhouse gas emissions could be saved by applying these measures. Further considerable savings could only be made by substituting longer flights (32.6 %) or choosing a more central conference location (26.3 %).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from travel – a GIS-based study

Kuonen

2015

Geogr. Helv.

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“…For example, a volume of previous studies strived to identify media framing structures by supplying interpretative accounts of media coverage with social and cultural aspects (Benford & Snow, 2000;Downs, 2002;Entman, 1993;Matthes & Kohring, 2008;Reese, 2007;Scheufele & Tewksbury, 2007). The research topic of hosting mega sporting events has many important but contentious issue so has become a popular research topic such as positive and/or negative economic impacts (e.g., Daniels & Norman, 2003;Kim, Gursoy, & Lee, 2006;Preuss, 2007;Whitson, Horne, & Manzenreiter, 2006), intangible social and cultural impacts (e.g., Gursoy & Kendall, 2006;Horne, 2007;, political issues (e.g., Andranovich, Burbank, & Heying, 2001;Black, 2007;Giulianotti & Klauser, 2010;Jones;, and environmental impacts (e.g., Collins, Flynn, Munday, & Roberts, 2007;Collins, Jones, & Munday, 2009;Dolles & Söderman, 2010;Ritchie, Shipway, & Cleeve, 2009). Media framing regarding the topic of hosting the Asian Games can be analyzed through scrutinizing issues covered in newspaper articles.…”

Section: Framing Issues Used In Newspapers For Hosting Mega Sporting mentioning

confidence: 99%

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2016

JPES

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Abstract:The study examined how newspaper articles have framed the 17th Incheon Asian Games 2014, in regard to the different issues covered, sources cited, positive and/or negative externalities frames, and the relationship between issues and sources. A total of 625 Korean nationwide and local newspaper articles covering the Asian Games during the 9-year period between April 7, 2005 and September 18, 2014 was analyzed in terms of three aspects of framing: (1) the types of issues highlighted, (2) the sources of information cited, and (3) the ways in which either possibilities of positive or negative externalities depiction were used. The results of the current study reveal that "political issues" (e.g., administrative and/or political conflict among central government, host city, and local residents, participation of North Korea national team) except "factual information of the event" (e.g., schedules, results, athlete performance, history) were the most commonly highlighted, "administrators" who are the government agencies preparing the Asian Games were the most frequently cited sources of information and the frame of "negative externalities" was more employed than the frame of "positive externalities" in newspapers of the Asian Games. This study regarding media coverage of the mega sporting event identifies how mass media agencies influence their target audience using framing theory and especially provide extensive analysis of media coverage of the Asian Games to date, which could serve as a groundwork for further studies of media framing theory.

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“…Collins, Jones & Munday (2009) used two methods, ecological footprint, and environmental input-output model to provide valuable information for event organizers and policy-makers on factors influencing the scale of an incident' environmental impact, and the types of strategies needed to reduce the effect of visitor travel. One of the first measurement of major sports events was made by Collins, Flynn, Munday & Roberts (2007) in Great Britain. The Ecological Footprint results show how, within a short space of time, a large environmental impact can be produced by visitors attending major events such as the FA Cup Final.…”

Section: Keeping the Field Green: Environmental Sustainability Becamementioning

confidence: 99%

Building sustainability in sport:a clear offside or chance for a "slow" rebirth?

Szathmári¹

2017

Veztud

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Assessing the Environmental Consequences of Major Sporting Events: The 2003/04 FA Cup Final

Cited by 144 publications

References 17 publications

Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from travel – a GIS-based study

Estimating greenhouse gas emissions from travel – a GIS-based study

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Building sustainability in sport:a clear offside or chance for a "slow" rebirth?

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