Assessing the Evolving Definition of Underrepresented Minority and Its Application in Academic Medicine

Page, Kathleen R.; Castillo-Page, Laura; Poll-Hunter, Norma; Garrison, Gwen; Wright, Scott M.

doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e318276466c

Cited by 51 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The control and study groups differed from the average medical school with respect to the number of underrepresented minorities, which is approximately 15-16% (control 31% compared with study 23%). 13 The effects of this difference are unknown. As well, data were not obtained on the personal experiences of students including exposure to early pregnancy loss that might make them more knowledgeable and sensitive regarding early pregnancy loss counseling.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Structured Teaching of Early Pregnancy Loss Counseling

Marko

Buery-Joyner

Sheridan

et al. 2015

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Structured Teaching of Early Pregnancy Loss Counseling

Marko

Buery-Joyner

Sheridan

et al. 2015

Obstetrics &Amp; Gynecology

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“…The underrepresented minority in medicine concept was first addressed by the AAMC in 1970 and was modified in 2004 to describe minorities that are underrepresented relative to their numbers in the general population, which currently includes Black, Hispanic, and Native (American Indian, Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian, or Pacific Islander). 24 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Racial and Ethnic Composition and Distribution of Primary Care Physicians

Xierali

Nivet²

2018

Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved

154

112

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Racial and ethnic minority physicians are more likely to practice primary care and serve in underserved communities. However, there are micro-practice patterns within primary care specialties that are not well understood. To examine the differences among primary care physician practice locations by specialty and race/ethnicity, a retrospective study was conducted on U.S. medical graduates who were direct patient care physicians in 2012. The group-specific contributions to primary care accessibility were decomposed by individual group of minorities underrepresented in medicine (URM). Results confirm significant differences not only in their distribution across underserved areas but also in their racial/ethnic composition by primary care specialties, with internist most diverse and family physicians least diverse. However, stratified analysis shows that within each primary care subspecialty, URM physicians were more likely to practice in underserved areas than their White peers regardless of specific specialties.

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“…The concept of URM minority groups was first addressed by the AAMC in 1970 and was modified in 2004 to describe minority groups that are underrepresented relative to their numbers in the general population, which currently includes black individuals, Hispanic individuals, and Native American individuals (American Indian, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander). 24 We also calculated the proportion of ophthalmologists practicing in Primary Care Health Professional Shortage Areas, 25 Medically Underserved Areas/Population, 26 and rural areas (Rural Urban Commuting Areas, 2010 version) 27 for both men and women and for each racial/ethnic group. The American Institutes for Research institutional review board approved this study and granted a waiver of informed consent from study participants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current and Future Status of Diversity in Ophthalmologist Workforce

2016

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Increasing the level of diversity among ophthalmologists may help reduce disparities in eye care. OBJECTIVE To assess the current and future status of diversity among ophthalmologists in the workforce by sex, race, and ethnicity in the context of the available number of medical students in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data from the Association of American Medical Colleges, the American Medical Association, and US Census were used to evaluate the differences and trends in diversity among ophthalmologists, all full-time faculty except ophthalmology, ophthalmology faculty, ophthalmology residents, medical school students, and the US population between 2005 and 2015. For 2014, associations of sex, race, and ethnicity with physician practice locations were assessed. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Proportions of ophthalmologists stratified by sex, race, and ethnicity between 2005 and 2015. RESULTS Women and minority groups traditionally underrepresented in medicine (URM)-black, Hispanic, American Indian, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander-were underrepresented as practicing ophthalmologists (22.7% and 6%, respectively), ophthalmology faculty (35.1% and 5.7%, respectively), and ophthalmology residents (44.3% and 7.7%, respectively), compared with the US population (50.8% and 30.7%, respectively). During the past decade, there had been a modest increase in the proportion of female practicing ophthalmologists who graduated from US medical schools in 1980 or later (from 23.8% to 27.1%; P < .001); however, no increase in URM ophthalmologists was identified (from 7.2% to 7.2%; P = .90). Residents showed a similar pattern, with an increase in the proportion of female residents (from 35.6% to 44.3%; P = .001) and a slight decrease in the proportion of URM residents (from 8.7% to 7.7%; P = .04). The proportion of URM groups among ophthalmology faculty also slightly decreased during the study period (from 6.2% to 5.7%; P = .01). However, a higher proportion of URM ophthalmologists practiced in medically underserved areas (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Women and URM groups remain underrepresented in the ophthalmologist workforce despite an available pool of medical students. Given the prevalent racial and ethnic disparities in eye care and an increasingly diverse society, future research and training efforts that increase the level of diversity among medical students and residents seems warranted.

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Assessing the Evolving Definition of Underrepresented Minority and Its Application in Academic Medicine

Cited by 51 publications

References 9 publications

Structured Teaching of Early Pregnancy Loss Counseling

Structured Teaching of Early Pregnancy Loss Counseling

The Racial and Ethnic Composition and Distribution of Primary Care Physicians

Current and Future Status of Diversity in Ophthalmologist Workforce

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