“…Resilience has been broken down into various components. Flexibility and robustness have been the most commonly used components of resilience ( Carvalho et al, 2014 , Heinicke, 2014a , Heinicke, 2014b , Heinicke, 2016 , Thomas et al, 2015 , Pęciłło, 2016 , Dolgui et al, 2018 , Baghersad and Zobel, 2020 ). Robustness reflects the production system capability to withstand disruptions, i.e., its resistance to changes, while flexibility reflects the capability to smooth interaction to disruptions while controlling cost ( Ivanov et al 2014 ; Mohammed 2020).…”