Assessing the geochemical variability of oil shale in the Attarat Um Ghudran deposit, Jordan

Voolma, Margus; Соэсоо, Алвар; Puura, V.; Hade, Sigrid; Aosaar, H

doi:10.3176/earth.2016.06

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Only fresh OS sequences not subjected to alterations are discussed here. The paper continues the systematic description of the AUG OS started earlier by several researchers [1][2][3]. Based on the classification by Hutton [4], DeWolfe et al [5] considered the Jordanian oil shale (JOS) to belong to the family of marinites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…First, the chemical composition of separate layers is different but is principally uniform at least across the studied area [1]. Statistical analysis of the chemical data has revealed spatial regularities of elemental distribution and specificity of concentration of major and trace elements in individual layers [2]. Analysis of gamma-ray diagrams of downhole logging of wells demonstrated the layering-related distribution of elevated radioactive elements and proved the reliability of the stratigraphic scheme of the OS unit [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Petrography and Mineralogy of the Attarat Um Ghudran Oil Shale, Central Jordan

Puura¹,

Соэсоо²,

Voolma³

et al. 2017

Oil Shale

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In the authors' recent papers on oil shale chemical composition and geochemical variability, as well natural gamma radiation, the significantly variable layered lithological structure of the up to 90 m thick oil shale (OS) unit of the Muwaqqar Chalk-Marl Formation (MCM), Central Jordan, was described in detail for the first time. In this work, the original results of detailed comparative petrographic and mineralogical studies of the unit and its separate layers are presented. The studied drill cores represent an area about 73 km 2 out of the large Attarat Um Ghudran (AUG, Attarat) deposit Maastrichtian in age. Oil shale with primary depositional structure and texture dominates. Laterally, layers, beds and interbeds of uniform composition and conditions of accumulation continue over the exploration area. Significant layering-dependent variations of chemical and mineral composition in the vertical succession of the oil shale unit occur. Petrographically, the dominating thick finely laminated uniform siliceous-carbonate mudstone (MS) oil shale intercalates with variable intervals of grain-bearing oil shale, in which interbeds of proper mudstone alternate with laminae, lenses and thin interbeds of wackestone (WS). The dominating biogenic compounds are: (i) calcite as < 5 mμ micrite forming the groundmass mudstone, and both micrite of the matrix and > 5 mμ to 1 mm grains-skeletal particles (shells and their broken fragments) in wackestone, (ii) silica as < 5 mμ particles belonging to the groundmass of mudstone and wackestone matrix, (iii) organic matter (kerogen) in the mudstone and matrix of wackestone, (iv) phosphate skeletal fragments in certain interbeds of wackestone and very fine apatite in groundmass. The clay minerals are the only possible terrigenous admixture in certain intervals. In accordance with the negative correlation between CaO and SiO 2 the layers of

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Petrography and Mineralogy of the Attarat Um Ghudran Oil Shale, Central Jordan

Puura¹,

Соэсоо²,

Voolma³

et al. 2017

Oil Shale

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“…The age of the deposits ranged from Upper Cretaceous to Paleogene (referred to locally as the Muwaqqar Chalk‐Marl Formation). A succession of finely bedded (or laminated) kerogen‐bearing carbonate rocks forming a uniform lithologic unit was the target of our study . Initial characterization was carried out using XRD (for mineral identification), XRF (for chemical contents) and Fisher assay for ultimate oil content.…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commercially, oil shale is a potential source for liquid fuel and is being utilized in many countries worldwide . Based on the fact that huge amounts of shale deposits are located in the middle and southern parts of Jordan, international reports indicated that the in‐place shale oil resources in Jordan are around 5,240 million tons and this amount of oil is enough to cover the Jordanian energy needs for a long time . The presence of large oil shale deposits and the high rates of petroleum oil motivated the Jordanian governmental sectors to utilize these deposits for the production of shale oil .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural characterization of shale oil obtained by Soxhlet extraction

Al-Saqarat

Al‐Degs

Musleh

et al. 2019

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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Organic matter recovery by solvent extraction has been the focus of numerous research area. In this work, recovery of organic matter from oil shale was evaluated by using Soxhelt extraction. Better oil extraction was reported after preheating of the shale to 300°C in inert atmosphere. The extracted oil was fractionated to asphaltenes, aliphatics, aromatics, and polar compounds with percentages of 4.2%, 52.6%, 20.9%, and 22.3% respectively. Compared with thermal retorting, the oil obtained by solvent extraction has higher aliphatics and polar compounds. Following a proper design of experiments, oil recovery was correlated with the following experimental factors:Extraction OM% = 7.39 + 2.23 Temp + 0.20 Mass – 0.34 PS − 0.022 Ext Time + 0.13 Temp × Mass – 0.28 Temp × PS – 0.30 Mass × PS. The results indicated that preheating temperature and mass of oil shale were positively correlated with oil extraction. However, particle size/preheating temperature and mass/particle size were negatively interacted for better oil extraction. Optimum conditions for oil recovery were accomplished using tetrahydrofuran at solid‐to‐liquid ratio of 50:1 g/mL, particle size 200−250 μm, and extraction time of 8.0 hr.

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