Assessing the hydrogeochemical processes affecting groundwater pollution in arid areas using an integration of geochemical equilibrium and multivariate statistical techniques

Alfy, Mohamed El; Lashin, Aref; Abdalla, Fathy; Albassam, A.A.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.052

Cited by 87 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…where IAP is the Ion Activity product and K is the equilibrium constant [32]. An SI value of 0 indicates an equilibrium between the mineral and the solution, whereas SI > 0 indicates that the groundwater is supersaturated and that these minerals will be precipitated from solution, and SI < 0 indicates that the groundwater is undersaturated and minerals may stay dissolved [1]. We used Pearson's correlation matrices to determine correlations between major chemicals, as well as to analyze hydrogeochemical characteristics, sources, and tendencies.…”

Section: Data Collection and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although groundwater is a crucial source of fresh water for human survival in arid and semi-arid regions, rapid population growth and economic development have degraded regional groundwater resources [1,2]. Problems include depletion by intensive agricultural activity, quality degradation by increased fertilizers use, and pollution from urbanization and inappropriate sewage treatment [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthropogenic Effects on Hydrogeochemical Characterization of the Shallow Groundwater in an Arid Irrigated Plain in Northwestern China

Wang

et al. 2019

Water

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Many irrigated plains in arid and semi-arid regions have groundwater quality issues due to both intensive human activity and natural processes. Comprehensive studies are urgently needed to explore hydrogeochemical evolutions, investigate possible pollution sources, and understand the controls on groundwater compositions in such regions. Here, we combine geostatistical techniques and hydrogeochemical assessments to characterize groundwater quality over time in the Yinchuan Plain (a typical irrigated plain in China), using 12 physicochemical variables derived from sampling in 600 and 602 wells in 2004 and 2014, respectively. Our results show that groundwater-rock interactions and evaporation are the key natural factors controlling groundwater compositions. Hydrogeochemical water types in both 2004 and 2014 were Ca-HCO3, Na-Cl, and mixed Ca·Mg-Cl. Along with the hydrogeochemical compositions, we used ionic ratios and the saturation index to delineate mineral solution reactions and weathering processes. Dissolution of gypsum, halite, fluorite, and mirabilite, along with silicate weathering and cation exchange, were identified in the study area. Our results indicated rising ion concentrations in groundwater, which could be the result of anthropogenic influences. Increasing total hardness and nitrates over the study period were most likely caused by agricultural activity and the discharge of waste water from human residential areas.

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Section: Data Collection and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Effects on Hydrogeochemical Characterization of the Shallow Groundwater in an Arid Irrigated Plain in Northwestern China

Wang

et al. 2019

Water

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“…Therefore, the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in the Manas River Basin is complex due to the mutual influence of anthropogenic and natural processes. The high NO 3 − concentration may indicate that synthetic fertilizers are used in the agricultural fields and the applied nutrients can leach through the surface to the groundwater (Alfy et al 2017). Figure 5 shows the PCA scores for the first three components and the corresponding distribution of four clusters.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groundwater hydrogeochemistry is impacted by recharge sources, agricultural activities such as groundwater pumping and irrigation, and geochemical reactions occurring along groundwater flow paths (Gastmans et al 2010;Alfy et al 2017). Spatial variations in groundwater hydrogeochemistry are strong in the study area owing to its wide-ranging relief and agricultural practices (Table 1).…”

Section: Demarcating Hydrogeological Zonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…− concentration may indicate that synthetic fertilizers are used in the agricultural fields and the applied nutrients can leach through the surface to the groundwater (Alfy et al 2017). As mentioned above, C2 samples are mainly distributed in the discharge areas ( Figure 6), with the depth of shallow wells from 20 to 60 m, the NO 3 − concentration is highest compared to samples within other three clusters.…”

Section: Anthropogenic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrogeochemical Evolution Along Groundwater Flow Paths in the Manas River Basin, Northwest China

et al. 2018

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The impacts of long‐term pumping on groundwater chemistry remain unclear in the Manas River Basin, Northwest China. In this study, major ions within five surface water and 105 groundwater samples were analyzed to identify hydrogeochemical processes affecting groundwater composition and evolution along the regional‐scale groundwater flow paths using the multivariate techniques of hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) and traditional graphical methods for analyzing groundwater geochemistry. HCA classified the groundwater samples into four clusters (C1 to C4). PCA reduced the dimensionality of geochemical data into three PCs, which explained 86% of the total variance. The results of HCA and PCA were used to identify three zones: “recharge,” “transition,” and “discharge.” In the recharge zone the groundwater type is Ca‐HCO3‐SO4 and is primarily impacted by the dissolution of calcite and silicate weathering. In the transition zone the groundwater type is Ca‐HCO3‐SO4‐Cl and is impacted by rock dissolution and reverse ion exchange. In the discharge zone the groundwater type is Na‐Cl and is impacted by evaporation and reverse ion exchange. In addition, anthropogenic activities impact the groundwater chemistry in the study area. The groundwater type generally changes from Ca‐HCO3‐SO4 in the recharge area to Na‐Cl in the discharge area along the regional‐scale groundwater flow paths. This study provides a process‐based knowledge for understanding the interaction of groundwater flow patterns and geochemical evolution within the Manas River Basin.

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Occurrence of Heavy Metals in Groundwater Along the Lithological Interface of K/T Boundary, Peninsular India: A Special Focus on Source, Geochemical Mobility and Health Risk

Thivya

Keesari

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2021

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Assessing the hydrogeochemical processes affecting groundwater pollution in arid areas using an integration of geochemical equilibrium and multivariate statistical techniques

Cited by 87 publications

References 30 publications

Anthropogenic Effects on Hydrogeochemical Characterization of the Shallow Groundwater in an Arid Irrigated Plain in Northwestern China

Anthropogenic Effects on Hydrogeochemical Characterization of the Shallow Groundwater in an Arid Irrigated Plain in Northwestern China

Hydrogeochemical Evolution Along Groundwater Flow Paths in the Manas River Basin, Northwest China

Occurrence of Heavy Metals in Groundwater Along the Lithological Interface of K/T Boundary, Peninsular India: A Special Focus on Source, Geochemical Mobility and Health Risk

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