Assessing the impact of current control on the thermal management performance of thermoelectric cooling systems

Abstract

Summary A battery thermal management system (BTMS) is essential for the longevity and thermal safety characteristics of batteries. In this study, a cooling system based on a thermoelectric cooling (TEC) unit is designed to improve the heat performance of a battery pack. The varied increase in cell temperatures under natural convection, liquid cooling, and TEC was compared to verify its feasibility, after which the authors carried out a current condition optimization strategy. The discharge performance of the battery at a discharge rate of 1C is studied under the conditions of equivalent, differential, and sectional currents. Under the equivalent current condition, it was determined that at the end of discharge, the temperature increase of the battery can be controlled at approximately 3.5°C when the working current of the semiconductor cooling unit is at 3.5 A compared to 0.5 A. When the differential current condition was adopted, the temperature difference of the battery pack was enhanced and maintained within a temperature of 5°C. Piecewise current was proposed based on the performance evaluation of BTMS in the equivalent and differential current conditions. The increase in temperature of the battery pack was just 1.5°C, and the values of the temperature difference in the battery pack and single battery remained within 5°C. Compared with the differential current condition, the maximum temperature increased only by 1°C at the discharge end, with its power consumption reduced by 63.4%.

Advanced thermal management system driven by phase change materials for power lithium-ion batteries: A review

“…However, they also exhibited low efficiencies and have additional power requirements, limiting their commercial applicability. TECs have been increasingly employed in BTMSs for improved performance [246][247][248][249]. Liu et al [246] investigated the dependence of the TE cooling system thermal management performance on the current.…”

“…TECs have been increasingly employed in BTMSs for improved performance [246][247][248][249]. Liu et al [246] investigated the dependence of the TE cooling system thermal management performance on the current. A battery temperature increase of about 3.5 o C could be maintained following discharge at equivalent current conditions and a semiconductor cooling unit working current of 3.5…”

Recent progress in thermal management for flexible/wearable devices

“…Sweat expelled from heated skin can generate artifacts on electro-based sensors, such as those used for electromyography (EMG) or electroencephalography (EEG), and can mechanically hinder the adhesion of wearable patches [47] . Accumulated heat can degrade the performance of batteries and wireless communication devices [48,49] . Furthermore, all-weather or all-day devices that must maintain a stable temperature level in various thermal environments require active thermal management that can heat or cool the external device surface or device-skin interface [28,50] .…”