Assessing the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on U.S. airline demand

Ito, Harumi; Lee, Darin

doi:10.1016/j.jeconbus.2004.06.003

Cited by 196 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The changes in demand due to air traffic controllers' strike and subsequent mass-firing (D2) is not statistically significant. Gulf war dummy (D3) is statistically insignificant, a result similar to Ito and Lee (2005). Estimate for the dummy for the Iraq war and SARS (D4) is statistically insignificant too.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

The asymmetric effects of income and fuel price on air transport demand

Wadud

2014

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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Article:Wadud, Z (2014) The asymmetric effects of income and fuel price on air transport demand. ReuseUnless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. Note: There will still be some minor changes made to this manuscript prior to final publication. AbstractForecasts of passenger demand are an important parameter for aviation planners. Air transport demand models typically assume a perfectly reversible impact of the demand drivers. However, there are reasons to believe that the impacts of some of the demand drivers such as fuel price or income on air transport demand may not be perfectly reversible. Two types of imperfect reversibility, namely asymmetry and hysteresis, are possible. Asymmetry refers to the differences in the demand impacts of a rising price or income from that of a falling price or income. Hysteresis refers to the dependence of the impacts of changing price or income on previous history, especially on previous maximum price or income. We use US time series data and decompose each of fuel price and income into three component series to develop an econometric model for air transport demand that is capable of capturing the potential imperfectly reversible relationships and test for the presence or absence of reversibility. We find statistical evidence of asymmetry and hysteresis for both, prices and income in air transport demand. Implications for policy and practice are then discussed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

The asymmetric effects of income and fuel price on air transport demand

Wadud

2014

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

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“…The permission from TATO accompanied the questionnaires during data collection .The researcher collected data from respondents in all selected (20) twenty tour operating companies by the use of questionnaires.…”

Section: Data Collection Methods and Procedure:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The level of the effects of terrorist activities on tourism industry, is revealed, since the revenue that could be obtained from tourist is not realized because of tourists destination substitution (Waxman, 2011 Ito, Harumi and Lee (2004), assessed the impact of the September 11 th terrorist attacks and it's after effects on US. Airline demand.…”

Section: The Level Of the Effects Of Terrorist Activities On Tourism mentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrorism: A Threat to Tourism Industry in Arusha Region.

Aunga¹,

Mselemo²

2018

IJAR

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“…60 The negative effects of terrorism (the 9/11 attacks) are documented, e.g., by Ito and Lee (2005) who find a substantial decrease in demand for air travel after the 9/11 terrorist attacks. In general, security investments could contribute to improving efficiency and effectiveness of specific sectors and the economy as a whole, especially where security against terrorism can be coupled with general security issues (DFAT 2004).…”

Section: Impacts Across Sectorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Economics of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: A Survey (Part II)

2010

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in Economics of Security Working Paper SeriesEconomics of Security is an initiative managed by DIW Berlin AbstractThis survey provides an in-depth analysis of existing research on the economic analysis of terrorism and counter-terrorist measures. First the existing evidence on the causes of terrorism is analyzed, then we consider the evidence of the consequences of terrorism and we demonstrate why it is important to regarding of the issue of counter-terrorism policy. Moreover the survey presents the existing knowledge on the interrelation between the economy and the issue of security and it incorporates analysis the level of knowledge about the causal chains between security and the economy. Also it focuses on perspective and methodologies from the discipline of economics but also refers to research from related disciplines (sociology, political science). It also assembles the knowledge on the impact of terrorism on the economy as reflected in macro-economic variables and its impact on specific sectors. Furthermore it assesses how potential an actual terrorist event determine consumer and producer behaviour, public policy, as well as terrorist responses to these policies. Finally a European perspective on the terrorism security annexes is discussed and here we analyze the causes of terrorism in Europe.JEL-Code: K42, H56, O17.Keywords: risk, insecurity, survey, terrorism, counter-terrorism, security economics This paper consists of two parts. Part I comprises chapters 1 to 4 and part II comprises chapters 5 to 9 -including the references.

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Assessing the impact of the September 11 terrorist attacks on U.S. airline demand

Cited by 196 publications

References 12 publications

The asymmetric effects of income and fuel price on air transport demand

The asymmetric effects of income and fuel price on air transport demand

Terrorism: A Threat to Tourism Industry in Arusha Region.

The Economics of Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism: A Survey (Part II)

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