Assessing the influence of air speed and liquid flow rate on the droplet size and homogeneity in pneumatic spraying

Balsari, P.; Grella, Marco; Marucco, Paolo; Matta, Fabio; Miranda‐Fuentes, Antonio

doi:10.1002/ps.5120

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Agronomy 2020, 10,195 3 of 15 the spray particle size distribution of GP-81A series nozzles for aerial spraying, Ru et al [27] carried out the droplet size distribution test under wind tunnel conditions and flight conditions. At present, the research on the influence of droplet size on the distribution characteristics of droplet deposition were mainly carried out in indoor wind tunnels, and these studies were mainly for ground machinery [28][29][30] and manned agricultural aircraft [31,32]. Due to the presence of a wind field generated by the rotors of plant protection UAV, the influence of droplet size on droplet deposition and drift would be more significant [33][34][35], and droplet size needs to be regarded as the most important factor for the research of aerial spraying technology.…”

Section: Plant Protection Uav and Its Spraying Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Droplet Size Parameters on Droplet Deposition and Drift of Aerial Spraying by Using Plant Protection UAV

et al. 2020

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In the field of pesticide spraying, droplet size is one of the most important factors affecting droplet deposition and drift. In order to study the effect of different droplet size parameters on droplet deposition distribution and drift of aerial spraying by using plant protection UAV, an aerial spraying test with the same spraying rate and different size droplets in rice canopy was carried out by using multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and four TEEJET nozzles with different orifice sizes (these droplets with a volume median diameter (VMD) of 95.21, 121.43, 147.28, and 185.09 μm, respectively), and the deposition distribution and penetration of droplets in the target area and the drift distribution of droplets in the non-target area were compared and analyzed. The results showed that the deposition distribution and penetration of droplets in the target area and the drift distribution of droplets in the non-target area were influenced by the droplet size. The droplet deposition rate in the upper and lower rice canopies were increased in the target area with the increase of droplet size. The penetration results of droplets also increased with the increase of droplet size, and that of droplets with a VMD of 185.09 μm was the best, reaching 38.13%. The average values of the cumulative drift rate of droplets in the rice canopy in the four tests were 73.87%, 50.26%, 35.91%, and 23.06%, respectively, and the cumulative drift rate and the drift distance of droplets decreased with the increase of droplet size, which indicated that the increase of droplet size can effectively reduce droplet drift. It demonstrated that the droplet size is one of the most important factors affecting droplet deposition and drift for pesticide spraying by plant protection UAV, and for the application of plant protection UAV with extra-low volume spraying, the use of droplets with VMD less than 160 μm should be avoided and a more than 10 m buffer zone should be considered downwind of the spraying field to avoid drug damage caused by pesticide drift. The results have fully revealed the effect of droplet size parameters on droplet deposition and drift of aerial spraying. Moreover, the influence of the wind field below the rotors on the distribution of droplet deposition was surmised and analyzed from the perspective of plant protection UAV. It is important for optimizing the droplet parameters of aerial spraying, increasing the spraying efficiency, and realizing precision agricultural aviation spray.

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Section: Plant Protection Uav and Its Spraying Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Droplet Size Parameters on Droplet Deposition and Drift of Aerial Spraying by Using Plant Protection UAV

et al. 2020

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“…34 Although the droplet size spectra produced by differentlydesigned pneumatic spouts has been studied little, it is well known that droplets produced by cannon-type spouts are more prone to drift. 33,35 The second problem relates to the difference in droplet size spectra produced by the two spout types. Even at the same fan air speed and liquid flow rate, 33 different spray coverages could result on either side of a row, depending on the nozzle that sprayed each one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…33,35 The second problem relates to the difference in droplet size spectra produced by the two spout types. Even at the same fan air speed and liquid flow rate, 33 different spray coverages could result on either side of a row, depending on the nozzle that sprayed each one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field assessment of a newly‐designed pneumatic spout to contain spray drift in vineyards: evaluation of canopy distribution and off‐target losses

Grella

Miranda‐Fuentes

Marucco

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: The efficacy and environmental sustainability of pesticide application largely depend on maximizing target coverage, while minimizing off-target losses. Recently, laboratory-based measurements were used to develop new cannontype spout to increase the droplet size spectra produced by a pneumatic vineyard sprayer. The study described below evaluated the effectiveness of the new device to reduce off-target losses (both in-field and off-field ground losses), and to distribute an adequate canopy spray. Field trials were conducted to measure canopy spray deposition, canopy coverage, and off-target losses from a multiple-row pneumatic sprayer equipped with newly-designed spout under three different positional configurations. The configurations were defined by the variation of liquid release positions from the inner to the outer part of the cannon-type spout: conventional, alternative, and extreme. Each configuration was tested in a vineyard by applying a solution of water and yellow-dye tracer. RESULTS: It was confirmed that the increased droplet size corresponding to the alternative and extreme liquid release positions has no effect on total canopy deposition or coverage. The alternative and extreme configurations produced reduced off-field losses, up to 75% and 83%, respectively, by increasing the droplet size spectra. These reduced off-field losses imply increased in-field losses of 13% and 16%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The newly-designed pneumatic spout offers the first effective option for environmentally-friendly pneumatic spray pesticide application with the guarantee of canopy spray deposition and coverage levels similar to those obtained with conventional pneumatic application.

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“…There is no doubt that the droplet size spectra produced by different nozzle types (e.g., air induction or conventional) [1] and also by liquid atomization (e.g., hydraulic or pneumatic) [2] affect the efficiency of spray application and the efficacy of chemical plant protection products (PPP). An efficient spray application is the main strategy to simultaneously increase the benefits of PPP, reduce the risk of environmental and human contamination, and produce high-quality and safe food in a sustainable way [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Volume Distribution and Evaluation of the Spraying Spectrum in Terms of Spraying Quality

2020

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Assessment of the quality of the operation of agricultural nozzles on the basis of transverse volume distribution and spatial methods of analysis for stream spraying spectra is insufficient, and positive result do not guarantee that the intended and effective spraying effects are obtained. Tests were carried out to assess the quality of nozzles on the basis of transverse volume distribution analysis, microstructure characteristics, and detailed analysis of places where an unexpected change in the nature of the transverse volume distribution (increase in volume) was noted. The subjects of the study were RS11003 flat fan nozzles and a measuring stand equipped with a grooved table, which was used to carry out tests. During the tests, the unit flow rate from the nozzles, the transverse volume distribution of liquids from individual table grooves, and the corresponding CV distribution coefficients of variation were recorded. Detailed tests were carried out for the selected nozzle, consisting of spot measurement of droplet characteristics in individual liquid stream bands. The widths of these bands were constant and equal to the width of the measuring table groove. Measurements were made using analyzer 2D-Laser Doppler Anemometry/Phase Doppler Anemometry (2D-LDA/PDA) from Dantec Dynamics. The analysis of the results obtained from the grooved table and the droplet characteristics in individual stream bands showed clear and unexpected changes in the nature of the transverse volume distribution for all tested nozzles. These changes, consisting of a local increases in droplet diameters (with a reduced number of occurrences), can cause a significant reduction in the quality and effectiveness of spraying, despite the positive fulfillment of generalized normative criteria for their assessment.

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Assessing the influence of air speed and liquid flow rate on the droplet size and homogeneity in pneumatic spraying

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Effect of Droplet Size Parameters on Droplet Deposition and Drift of Aerial Spraying by Using Plant Protection UAV

Effect of Droplet Size Parameters on Droplet Deposition and Drift of Aerial Spraying by Using Plant Protection UAV

Field assessment of a newly‐designed pneumatic spout to contain spray drift in vineyards: evaluation of canopy distribution and off‐target losses

Analysis of Volume Distribution and Evaluation of the Spraying Spectrum in Terms of Spraying Quality

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