Assessing the Microbiota of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Reared on Organic Waste Streams on Four Different Locations at Laboratory and Large Scale

Wynants, Enya; Frooninckx, Lotte; Crauwels, Sam; Verreth, Christel; Smet, Jeroen De; Sandrock, Christoph; Wohlfahrt, Jens; Schelt, J. van; Depraetere, S.; Lievens, Bart; Miert, Sabine Van; Claes, Johan; Campenhout, Leen Van

doi:10.1007/s00248-018-1286-x

Cited by 157 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…What about when high quality feed stuff would be used for the first larval stages as very little is needed at this early phase of exponential growth and subsequently feed them on low-quality waste streams afterwards? However, changing substrates may not work as black soldier fly larvae have a close association with microbes (Klammsteiner et al, 2018;Wynants et al, 2019a). They probably change the microbial community depending on the nutrient source (Bruno et al, 2019;Jeon et al, 2011) and with that the chemical composition of the substrate (Myers et al, 2008).…”

Section: Industrial Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review

Huis

2020

JIFF

317

148

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During the last five years the scientific knowledge on insects as food and feed has been growing exponentially. At the same time, the industrial sector is increasingly engaged in rearing, processing and marketing of edible insects. Considerable attention is given to the black soldier fly as it can convert organic waste streams and transform it into several feed, food and industrial products. The farming of insects has an environmental impact which is lower than that of livestock species. The profitability of industrial production of insects as feed depends very much on the availability and applicability of cheap non-utilised side-streams. Microbial communities and their relationship with insects deserve full attention as it may help in the conversion of organic side streams of low economic value. Nutrition and health benefits for animals and humans need further exploration, also considering that insects have the largest anti-microbial peptide reservoir of all animals. Plant health can also be promoted by using chitin-containing leftover substrates as fertiliser. As insects have only recently been considered as food or feed, legislation trails developments. Therefore, politicians need to be assured that rearing and processing techniques are such that insect products are guaranteed free of chemical and microbial contaminants. Consumers are becoming more and more aware that insects as food are a viable option. Insects need to be processed into ingredients, that can be applied for safe and appetising products. The insect sector is maturing fast, but still faces many challenges, which can only be met when all stakeholders closely cooperate.

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Section: Industrial Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review

Huis

2020

JIFF

317

148

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“…The increases in the relative abundance of specific microbial clades in Atlantic salmon fed the insect meal diet may be explained by feed-borne microbiota and/or feed composition. Bacterial taxa, including Actinomyces, Bacillus, Brevibacterium, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Oceanobacillus and RsaHF231, have been found in black soldier fly whole larvae or larvae intestine (64)(65)(66)(67). The fact that RsaHF231 has not been documented in fish before indicates that these bacterial taxa may have partially originated from black soldier fly larvae meal.…”

Section: Sample Origin Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Response of Digesta- and Mucosa-Associated Intestinal Microbiota to Dietary Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal in Seawater Phase Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Bruni

Jaramillo-Torres

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Intestinal digesta is commonly used for studying responses of microbiota to dietary shifts, yet evidence is accumulating that it represents an incomplete view of the intestinal microbiota. In a 16-week seawater feeding trial, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were fed either a commercially-relevant reference diet or an insect meal diet containing 15% black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal. The digesta-and mucosa-associated distal intestinal microbiota were profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Regardless of diet, we observed substantial differences between digesta-and mucosa-associated intestinal microbiota. Microbial richness and diversity were much higher in the digesta than the mucosa. The insect meal diet altered the distal intestinal microbiota resulting in higher microbial richness and diversity. The diet effect, however, depended on the sample origin. Digesta-associated intestinal microbiota showed more pronounced changes than the mucosa-associated microbiota. Lastly, multivariate association analyses identified two mucosa-enriched taxa, Brevinema andersonii and unclassified Spirochaetaceae, associated with the expression of genes related to immune responses and barrier function in the distal intestine, respectively. Overall, our data clearly indicate that responses in digesta-and mucosa-associated microbiota to dietary inclusion of insect meal differ, with the latter being more resilient to dietary changes. Microbiota | Gut biogeography | Atlantic salmon | Diet | Black soldier fly Correspondence: yanxianl@nmbu.no Characterizing intestinal microbiota and its associationsLi & Bruni et al. | bioRχiv | May 24, 2020 | 1-8 with host responses is an essential step towards identifying key microbial clades promoting fish health and welfare. Ultimately, a milestone in the fish microbiota research would be knowing how to selectively manipulate the microbiota to improve the growth performance, disease resistance and health status of farmed fish. The main aims of the work presented herein were (i) to compare distal intestinal microbiota of Atlantic salmon fed a commercially relevant diet and an insect meal-based diet, (ii) to further explore the dissimilarity between digesta-and mucosa-associated microbiota and the differences in their response to dietary changes, and (iii) to identify associations between microbial clades and host responses. This work was part of a larger study consisting of a freshwater and seawater feeding trial that aimed to investigate the nutritional value and possible health effects for Atlantic salmon of a protein-rich insect meal produced from black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae. The present work focuses on the intestinal microbiota in seawater phase Atlantic salmon fed an insect meal diet containing 15% black soldier fly larvae meal for 16 weeks. Results on feed utilization, growth performance, fillet quality, intestinal histomorphology and gene expression have been reported elsewhere (30-32). ResultsHereafter, different sample groups are named based on the combination of die...

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“…For these reasons, higher microbial loads of facultative anaerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria were observed in the asphyxiation treatment groups [7]. The rearing method and biosecurity system are important factors which correlate with the microbial load and community in BSF [23]. The absence of contamination by Acinetobactor sp., Bacillus cereus and Salmonella spp.…”

Section: Impact Of Killing Methods On Microbial Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Killing process on the nutrient content, product stability and in vitro digestibility of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meals

Zhen

Kovitvadhi

Chundang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BACKGROUNDBlack soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens) is considered as a potential sustainable insect alternative source of protein for animal feed; however, the quality of BSF meal is greatly influenced by the killing method. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to compare the quality of BSF obtained by different killing methods.RESULTSBSF at the 18-day-old prepupae stage were separated into six different killing methods (n = 3): 1. blending, 2. freezing, 3. CO2 treatment, 4. vacuum, 5. Blanching and 6. humane method. After killing, were obtained by hot air oven drying and grinding. The chemical composition and in vitro digestibility calculated from sediment was not affected by the killing method, except that blending provided the worst BSF quality for all measured parameters (P < 0.05). The highest quality of BSF was obtained from the heat treatment procedures (blanching and the humane method), as they produced lower acidity after killing, total viable counts, browning reaction (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), darkness, moisture, fat acidity, protein and lipid oxidation during storage compared with other killing procedures (P < 0.05). Interestingly, the highest of free amino acids in the supernatant after in vitro digestibility of BSF samples was observed with the humane killing method (P < 0.05), whereas other parameters were similar to those obtained with blanching.CONCLIUSIONBlanching and humane method produce BSF with the nutritional quality, safety and stability. humane method did not produce clearly different outcomes to blanching; therefore, the selection of one of these techniques over the other should depend on the regulations in each country.

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Assessing the Microbiota of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Reared on Organic Waste Streams on Four Different Locations at Laboratory and Large Scale

Cited by 157 publications

References 57 publications

Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review

Insects as food and feed, a new emerging agricultural sector: a review

Differential Response of Digesta- and Mucosa-Associated Intestinal Microbiota to Dietary Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal in Seawater Phase Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Killing process on the nutrient content, product stability and in vitro digestibility of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meals

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