Assessing the Quality of Expertise Differences in the Comprehension of Medical Visualizations

Neural Correlates of Visual Perceptual Expertise: Evidence From Cognitive Neuroscience Using Functional Neuroimaging

“…Visual expertise in medical image diagnosis Gegenfurtner, Siewiorek, Lehtinen, and Säljö (2013) reviewed the literature on visual expertise in relation to medical image diagnosis and identified three of 21 studies that examined neural correlates of expert-novice differences when inspecting medical visualizations (Haller & Radue, 2005;Fiorio et al, 2010;Harley et al, 2009). Since the review of , two additional studies were published that addressed the neural basis of visual perceptual expertise in medicine (Bilalić et al, 2016;Ribas et al, 2013).…”

“…In this review, we will particularly address expertise in medical image diagnosis, which can be defined as the inspection and interpretation of a visual representation of the human anatomy or its functions (Gegenfurtner, Kok, Van Geel, De Bruin, Jarodzka, Szulewski, & Van Merriënboer, 2017); but because this body of research is still limited and in its infancy, we will extend our review to other content domains with the aim of offering a more useful overview of current methodological decisions in the visual perceptual expertise literature. There are already several systematic reviews available on the neural aspects of visual perceptual expertise (for example, Richler & Gauthier, 2014, for face perception or Gegenfurtner, Siewiorek, Lehtinen, & Säljö, 2013, for medical image diagnosis). The present review has a particular emphasis on implementing cognitive-neuroscience (especially functional-neuroimaging) methods on visual perceptual expertise, and will follow four steps.…”

Prospects and Pitfalls in Combining Eye Tracking Data and Verbal Reports

“…It is stressed that this endeavor stretches the frontiers of the field because Gegenfurtner, Siewiorek, Lehtinen, and Säljö (2013) reported in their systematic review that combining eye tracking and verbal reports remains unexplored. Also, this article is not a literature review.…”

Methodologies for Studying Visual Expertise

“…Others, particularly Lesgold and colleagues (1988), in what is now also a classic study, put less emphasis on the perceptual aspect; rather, they suggest that visual expertise is mainly the function of cognitive inference that aligns schemata from episodic memory consistent with the perceptual features detected. Much medical research done in both traditions has been reviewed elsewhere (Boshuizen & Schmidt, 2008;Ericsson, 2004;Gegenfurtner, Kok, Van Geel, De Bruin, Jarodzka, Szulewski, & Van Merriënboer, 2017;Gegenfurtner, Siewiorek, Lehtinen, & Säljö, 2013;Patel, Arocha, & Zhang, 2005). Recently, alternative approaches have been formulated; these suggest that a good eye is indicated by neurophysiologic events in certain brain areas (Bilalić, 2017;Gegenfurtner, Kok, Van Geel, De Bruin, & Sorger, 2017b;Haller & Radue, 2005), and is accomplished through situated social discourse (Ivarsson, 2017;Johansson, Lindwall, & Rystedt, 2017;Koschmann, LeBaron, Goodwin, Zemel, & Dunnington, 2007).…”