Assessing the Reliability of Handheld Dynamometry and Ultrasonography to Measure Quadriceps Strength and Muscle Thickness in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Rock, Kelly; Nelson, Christa M.; Addison, Odessa; Marchese, Victoria

doi:10.1080/01942638.2021.1881200

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Another limitation is the use of a handheld dynamometer. Although the handheld dynamometer we used has shown to be valid and reliable ( Martin et al, 2006 ; Rock et al, 2021 ), the torque measures may be underestimated compared to isokinetic dynamometers, which provide for a more rigorous test environment ( Martin et al, 2006 ). Nonetheless, the handheld dynamometer is clinically applicable to use outside the laboratory; hence, our study provides an opportunity to be replicated in clinical settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip Abductor and Adductor Rate of Torque Development and Muscle Activation, but Not Muscle Size, Are Associated With Functional Performance

et al. 2021

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Understanding the physiological variables that contribute to a functional task provides important information for trainers and clinicians to improve functional performance. The hip abductors and adductors muscles appear to be important in determining the performance of some functional tasks; however, little is known about the relationship of the hip abductor/adductors muscle strength, activation, and size with functional performance. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of maximum torque, rate of torque development (RTD), rate of activation (RoA), and muscle thickness of the hip abductors [tensor fascia latae (TFL) and gluteus medius (GM)] and adductor magnus muscle with the Four Square Step Test (FSST) and the two-leg hop test in healthy young adults. Twenty participants (five males) attended one testing session that involved ultrasound image acquisition, maximal isometric voluntary contractions (hip abduction and hip adduction) while surface electromyography (EMG) was recorded, and two functional tests (FSST and two-leg side hop test). Bivariate correlations were performed between maximum voluntary torque (MVT), RTD at 50, 100, 200, and 300ms, RoA at 0–50, 0–100, 0–200, and 0–300, and muscle thickness with the dynamic stability tests. For the hip abduction, MVT (r=−0.455, p=0.044) and RTD300 (r=−0.494, p=0.027) was correlated with the FSST. GM RoA50 (r=−0.481, p=0.032) and RoA100 (r=−0.459, p=0.042) were significantly correlated with the two-leg side hop test. For the hip adduction, there was a significant correlation between the FSST and RTD300 (r=−0.500, p=0.025), while the two-leg side hop test was correlated with RTD200 (r=0.446, p=0.049) and RTD300 (r=0.594, p=0.006). Overall, the ability of the hip abductor and adductor muscles to produce torque quickly, GM rapid activation, and hip abductor MVT is important for better performance on the FSST and two-leg hop tests. However, muscle size appears not to influence the same tests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hip Abductor and Adductor Rate of Torque Development and Muscle Activation, but Not Muscle Size, Are Associated With Functional Performance

et al. 2021

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“…This testing position was selected based on previous evidence of favorable reliability. 8,12 The HHD was placed on the anterior tibia 2 cm proximal to the intermalleolar line. Participants were instructed to take a normal inhalation and slow exhalation during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) with the instructions, "hold the position you are placed in and kick as fast and as hard as you can into the testing device."…”

Section: Knee Extension Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Resting quadriceps muscle thickness of the VL and RF was measured by 2-dimensional B-mode US (Whale Sigma P5, Whale Imaging Inc, Waltham, Massachusetts) of the VL (50% of the distance from the inferior margin of the greater trochanter to the tibial tuberosity) and the RF (40% of the distance from the anterior superior iliac spine to tibial tuberosity). 8 The assessor collected 3 images of each muscle with the participant in the supine position with the hips and knees in neutral positions using a 5-to 12-MHz frequency, 38-mm linear array probe placed parallel to the long axis of the muscle and perpendicular to the skin surface. The muscles were verified to be at rest using real-time surface EMG (IX-BIO04, iWorx, Dover, New Hampshire).…”

Section: Muscle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, muscle properties of the VL and RF may relate to gross motor performance in children with SCD. Skeletal muscle strength assessed using the handheld dynamometry (HHD) provides objective, affordable, and practical measurements of knee extension force/torque 8,9. Skeletal muscle size assessed using ultrasonography (US) provides valid measurements of quadriceps muscle size via muscle thickness measurements 4,8.…”

Section: Introduction and Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

“…8,9 Skeletal muscle size assessed using ultrasonography (US) provides valid measurements of quadriceps muscle size via muscle thickness measurements. 4,8 Neuromuscular activation using noninvasive surface electromyography (EMG) provides a measure of the ability to rapidly activate (rate of muscle activation [RoA]) a muscle during contraction. 10 QoL questionnaires measure a child' s perception of their health, social, emotional, and physical function.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Muscle Properties, Gross Motor Performance, and Quality of Life in Children With Sickle Cell Disease

Rock,

Ho,

Gray

et al. 2023

Pediatric Physical Therapy

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Purpose: To explore muscle properties, gross motor performance, and quality of life (QoL) in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) compared with controls and to assess relationships among these outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 24 children assessed muscle properties including: knee extension strength by dynamometry; vastus lateralis (VL) and rectus femoris (RF) muscle thickness by ultrasonography; and VL and RF neuromuscular activation (rate of muscle activation [RoA]) by electromyography (EMG). Gross motor performance and QoL were assessed by standardized tests and questionnaires. Results: Children with SCD had impaired knee extension strength, VL EMG RoA, gross motor performance, and QoL compared with children without SCD. Relationships among muscle properties, gross motor performance, and QoL were identified. Conclusions: These findings indicate that comprehensive muscle properties, gross motor performance, and QoL assessments should be considered to support and develop individualized physical therapy plans for children with SCD.

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Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty assessment in pediatric transplantation

Beer,

Wong Vega

2023

Nut in Clin Prac

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Nutrition assessment can be challenging in children with end‐stage organ disease and in those requiring an organ transplant. The effect of poor nutrition status can exert long‐lasting effects on children with end‐stage organ disease requiring transplantation. Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty are conditions that require provision of optimal nutrition to prevent or support the treatment of these conditions. Unfortunately, the literature on the assessment of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in pediatric end‐stage organ disease is scarce, thus leading to confusion on how to effectively identify them. Recently, the addition of a variety of validated nutrition and functional assessment techniques has assisted with appropriate assessment of these conditions. The objective of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the current literature for pediatric assessment of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty in the setting of solid organ transplantation and provide practicing nutrition clinicians a solid foundation for learning how to effectively assess these conditions with the current literature available.

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Assessing the Reliability of Handheld Dynamometry and Ultrasonography to Measure Quadriceps Strength and Muscle Thickness in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Hip Abductor and Adductor Rate of Torque Development and Muscle Activation, but Not Muscle Size, Are Associated With Functional Performance

Hip Abductor and Adductor Rate of Torque Development and Muscle Activation, but Not Muscle Size, Are Associated With Functional Performance

Muscle Properties, Gross Motor Performance, and Quality of Life in Children With Sickle Cell Disease

Malnutrition, sarcopenia, and frailty assessment in pediatric transplantation

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