Assessing the Risk of Commercial Vaccines Against Pseudorabies Virus in Cats

Tu, Lu; Zhao, Jing; Chen, Qiuyang; Zhang, Shan; Li, Lin; Tang, Xinming; Hou, Shaohua; Yang, Weijia; Liang, Ruiying

doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.857834

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…[ 25 ]. In contrast to pigs, other animals infected with PRV die several days after infection [ 23 , 26 ]. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore anti-PRV drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallocatechin Gallate Inhibits the Replication of Pseudorabies Virus via Suppressing the Entry and Release Stages in Its Replication Cycle

Zhu

Guo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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The pseudorabies virus is a widespread swine pathogen that has caused significant economic losses to the global pig industry. Due to the emergence of PRV variant strains in recent years, vaccines cannot provide complete protection against the infection of PRV. Therefore, the research on antiviral compounds is of great importance for PRV treatment. In this study, an EGFP-labeled PRV was used to screen anti-PRV compounds from 86 natural product extracts. Gallocatechin gallate was found to efficiently inhibit the replication of PRV with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.41 μM. In addition, it was found that gallocatechin gallate was unable to directly inactivate PRV and had no effect on the attachment stage of PRV. However, it was found that gallocatechin gallate significantly suppressed the viral entry stage. Furthermore, it was found that the release stage of PRV was also significantly suppressed by gallocatechin gallate. Together, this study found that gallocatechin gallate could efficiently inhibit the replication of PRV by suppressing the entry and release stages of PRV, which will contribute to the development of a new therapeutic strategy against PRV infection.

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“…[ 25 ]. In contrast to pigs, other animals infected with PRV die several days after infection [ 23 , 26 ]. Therefore, it is of great importance to explore anti-PRV drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gallocatechin Gallate Inhibits the Replication of Pseudorabies Virus via Suppressing the Entry and Release Stages in Its Replication Cycle

Zhu

Guo

et al. 2023

Veterinary Sciences

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A rapid and versatile reverse genetic approach and visualization animal models for emerging zoonotic pseudorabies virus

Zhang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Antiviral Research

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Immunological characteristics of a recombinant alphaherpesvirus with an envelope-embedded Cap protein of circovirus

Lu,

Li,

Chen

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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IntroductionVariant pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a newly emerged zoonotic pathogen that can cause human blindness. PRV can take advantage of its large genome and multiple non-essential genes to construct recombinant attenuated vaccines carrying foreign genes. However, a major problem is that the foreign genes in recombinant PRV are only integrated into the genome for independent expression, rather than assembled on the surface of virion.MethodsWe reported a recombinant PRV with deleted gE/TK genes and an inserted porcine circovirus virus 2 (PCV2) Cap gene into the extracellular domain of the PRV gE gene using the Cre-loxP recombinant system combined with the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system. This recombinant PRV (PRV-Cap), with the envelope-embedded Cap protein, exhibits a similar replication ability to its parental virus.ResultsAn immunogenicity assay revealed that PRV-Cap immunized mice have 100% resistance to lethal PRV and PCV2 attacks. Neutralization antibody and ELISPOT detections indicated that PRV-Cap can enhance neutralizing antibodies to PRV and produce IFN-γ secreting T cells specific for both PRV and PCV2. Immunological mechanistic investigation revealed that initial immunization with PRV-Cap stimulates significantly early activation and expansion of CD69+ T cells, promoting the activation of CD4 Tfh cell dependent germinal B cells and producing effectively specific effector memory T and B cells. Booster immunization with PRV-Cap recalled the activation of PRV-specific IFN-γ+IL-2+CD4+ T cells and IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD8+ T cells, as well as PCV2-specific IFN-γ+TNF-α+CD8+ T cells.ConclusionCollectively, our data suggested an immunological mechanism in that the recombinant PRV with envelope-assembled PCV2 Cap protein can serve as an excellent vaccine candidate for combined immunity against PRV and PCV2, and provided a cost-effective method for the production of PRV- PCV2 vaccine.

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Assessing the Risk of Commercial Vaccines Against Pseudorabies Virus in Cats

Cited by 3 publications

References 23 publications

Gallocatechin Gallate Inhibits the Replication of Pseudorabies Virus via Suppressing the Entry and Release Stages in Its Replication Cycle

Gallocatechin Gallate Inhibits the Replication of Pseudorabies Virus via Suppressing the Entry and Release Stages in Its Replication Cycle

A rapid and versatile reverse genetic approach and visualization animal models for emerging zoonotic pseudorabies virus

Immunological characteristics of a recombinant alphaherpesvirus with an envelope-embedded Cap protein of circovirus

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