U mbilical hernias are occasionally present in patients desiring abdominoplasty. Current data strongly support the use of synthetic mesh when repairing ventral hernias >3 cm in diameter. Longterm data demonstrate improved recurrence rates with mesh, even for smaller umbilical defects (1,2). With simultaneous abdominoplasty, an open approach to umbilical herniorrhaphy is preferred due to the improved exposure; however, dissection of an umbilical hernia at the fascial level can damage the umbilical perforating vessels, resulting in necrosis and loss. During abdominoplasty, circumferential skin incision around the umbilicus divides the subdermal vessels, making it dependent on the deep inferior epigastric supply. This blood supply originates from the deep inferior epigastric artery, traverses the rectus abdominus muscle and continues through the anterior rectus fascia. Traditional hernia repair, as an onlay or subfascial mesh placement, risks deep umbilical blood flow. Unilateral approach with dissection in the preperitoneal plane enables preservation of unilateral and, potentially, bilateral deep perfusion because the dissection plane is deep to the posterior rectus sheath.We present a patient with a defect 3 cm in size at the umbilicus hernia and diastasis presenting for simultaneous open mesh umbilical hernia repair and abdominoplasty (Figure 1). Umbilical perfusion was maintained during open repair with preservation of unilateral deep perforating vessels and placement of mesh in a plane consisting of both the preperitoneal and retrorectus space.
Surgical TechniqueThe patient was marked preoperatively for lower abdominal incision. The skin was incised and dissection was taken through Scarpa's fascia to the deep fascia of the abdominal wall. The umbilicus was incised circumferentially through the skin. The cutaneous flap was raised to the umbilical incision and the flap was split and subcutaneous dissection bevelled away from the umbilicus to the fascia and preserved periumbilical perfusion. The adipocutaneous flap was elevated to the xiphoid and medial costal margins. The anterior rectus sheath was incised over the right rectus muscle. Dissection was carried through the medial posterior rectus sheath to the preperitoneal plane adjacent to the hernia. Contents of the hernia were reduced. The contralateral rectus preperitoneal plane was dissected for placement of mesh with peripheral fascial overlap. The umbilical stalk and perforating vessels were preserved on the contralateral side. The peritoneum was reapproximated in the midline to 'close off' the abdominal cavity. This manoeuvre created a pocket deep to the fascia to lay mesh (Figure 2). A lightweight polypropylene mesh was used in this retrorectus position in the preperitoneal space to reinforce the midline closure (Figure 3). The mesh was secured with transabdominal wall monofilament permanent sutures. The linea alba was recreated with long-acting absorbable sutures. Midline plicating sutures were placed above and below the umbilicus. The cutaneous flap was...