Assessing the SARS-CoV-2 threat to wildlife: Potential risk to a broad range of mammals

Martínez‐Hernández, Fernando; Isaak-Delgado, Ana Belem; Alfonso-Toledo, Jorge Alberto; Muñoz-García, Claudia I.; Villalobos, Guiehdani; Aréchiga-Ceballos, Nidia; Rendón-Franco, Emilio

doi:10.1016/j.pecon.2020.09.008

Cited by 23 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Based upon protein analyses of amino acid residues of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and S protein, species susceptibility analyses suggested that, among other taxonomic groups, both carnivores and wild rodents are potentially high-risk groups (5,6,7). Predicting specific species' susceptibility, however, is more challenging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of peridomestic mammal susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Porter

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Wild animals have been implicated as the origin of SARS-CoV-2, but it is largely unknown how the virus affects most wildlife species and if wildlife could ultimately serve as a reservoir for maintaining the virus outside the human population. Here we show that several common peridomestic species, including deer mice, bushy-tailed woodrats, and striped skunks, are susceptible to infection and can shed the virus in respiratory secretions. In contrast, we demonstrate that cottontail rabbits, fox squirrels, Wyoming ground squirrels, black-tailed prairie dogs, house mice, and racoons are not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our work expands upon the existing knowledge base of susceptible species and provides evidence that human-wildlife interactions could result in continued transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of peridomestic mammal susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Porter

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Although current evidence suggests a low risk for domestic and companion animal-to-human transmission, the possibility of domestic animals acting as viral reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 cannot be ruled out (Csiszar et al 2020;Hern andez et al 2020;Hobbs and Reid 2020;Irian 2020;Mazinani and Rude 2021). This calls for the implementation of One Health strategies that involve expanding ongoing epidemiological surveillance to relevant animal populations (Bhatia 2020;Leroy et al 2020;Bonilla-Aldana et al 2020a).…”

Section: Lauthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in different animals, wildlife species and experimental animal models have been published, and the current dynamics of the virus affecting humans as COVID-19 pandemic necessitates further detailed investigations concerning the transmission ability of the virus from humans to animals and vice versa and enhancing implementation of one health approach (Delahay et al 2020;Franklin and Bevins 2020;Leroy et al 2020;Mart ınez-Hern andez et al 2020;Salajegheh Tazerji et al 2020;Sharun et al 2020a;Tiwari et al 2020). Exploring more research and investigations with regards to the SARS-CoV-2 circulation in animals and its animal-human interface implications along with targeted surveillance and dynamic risk assessments would aid to design and implement effective preventive strategies to limit the transmission of this pandemic virus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 in animals: potential for unknown reservoir hosts and public health implications

Sharun

Dhama

Pawde

et al. 2021

Veterinary Quarterly

136

103

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously 2019-nCoV) is suspected of having originated in 2019 in China from a coronavirus infected bat of the genus Rhinolophus. Following the initial emergence, possibly facilitated by a mammalian bridge host, SARS-CoV-2 is currently transmitted across the globe via efficient human-to-human transmission. Results obtained from experimental studies indicate that animal species such as cats, ferrets, raccoon dogs, cynomolgus macaques, rhesus macaques, white-tailed deer, rabbits, Egyptian fruit bats, and Syrian hamsters are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and that cat-to-cat and ferret-to-ferret transmission can take place via contact and air. However, natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 have been reported only in pet dogs and cats, tigers, lions, snow leopards, pumas, and gorillas at zoos, and farmed mink and ferrets. Even though human-to-animal spillover has been reported at several instances, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals-to-humans has only been reported from mink-to-humans in mink farms. Following the rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within the mink population, a new minkassociated SARS-CoV-2 variant emerged that was identified in both humans and mink. The increasing reports of SARS-CoV-2 in carnivores indicate the higher susceptibility of animal species belonging to this order. The sporadic reports of SARS-CoV-2 infection in domestic and wild animal species require further investigation to determine if SARS-CoV-2 or related Betacoronaviruses can get established in kept, feral or wild animal populations, which may eventually act as viral reservoirs. This review analyzes the current evidence of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in domestic and wild animal species and their possible implications on public health.

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“…Identifying intermediate host species capable of supporting SARS‐CoV‐2 replication is important as this could provide clues on future reservoir hosts. It has been determined that the likelihood of fish, birds, reptiles and amphibians to become a possible SARS‐CoV‐2 intermediate host in the future is low 9,10 . Among livestock species including ruminants, pigs and domestic poultry, reports of serious disease outbreaks, possibly suggesting a species jump of SARS‐CoV‐2, have not been reported to date.…”

Section: Origin Of Sars‐cov‐2: What Have We Learned So Far?mentioning

confidence: 99%