Assessing the Sensitivity of the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model to Boundary Conditions and Convective Schemes over the Philippines

Cruz, Faye; Sasaki, Hirokazu; Narisma, Gemma

doi:10.2151/jmsj.2015-059

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1) defined by Juneng et al (2016), which was based on precipitation climatology in the literature. Figure 2 shows the ability of NHRCM to represent seasonal patterns in rainfall and winds over Southeast Asia, consistent with the findings of Cruz et al (2016) and Kieu-Thi et al (2016). In June to August (JJA), the southwest monsoon from the Indian Ocean brings high rainfall, particularly over Indochina and the Philippines while relatively dry southeast winds flow over Indonesia (Figs.…”

Section: and Hidetaka Sasakisupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Parameterization schemes are used for processes that cannot be explicitly resolved, including the Kain-Fritsch scheme for cumulus convection (Kain and Fritsch 1993;Yamada 2003;Ohmori and Yamada 2004) following the configuration described in Cruz et al (2016). The improved MRI/JMA Simple Biosphere (iSiB) model with Zeng et al (1998) surface layer flux scheme is used to represent the land surface in the model.…”

Section: Design Of Model Experiments and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In December to February (DJF), the northeasterly winds over the Philippines and Indochina, and the wet northwesterly-westerly winds over Indonesia are represented (Figs. 2e and 2f ), as well as the precipitation along the east coasts of the Philippines and Central Vietnam (e.g., Aldrian and Susanto 2003;Nguyen-Le et al 2015;Cruz et al 2016). The topographic effect on rainfall over Borneo and West Papua is captured in the model albeit overestimated (Fig.…”

Section: Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Cruz et al (2016) found an overall cold (−0.90°C to −0.42°C) and dry (−62.13% to −25.20%) bias for the present climate in the Philippines, which depends on the boundary conditions and convection schemes. In Vietnam, Kieu-Thi et al (2016) noted the tendency of NHRCM to overestimate rainfall.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Simulation of Present Climate over Southeast Asia Using the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model

Cruz

Sasaki

2017

SOLA

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This study evaluates the performance of the Non-hydrostatic Regional Climate Model (NHRCM) in simulating the present climate over Southeast Asia to determine its applicability in downscaling climate projections in the region. Simulations from 1989 to 2008 are conducted over the region at 25-km resolution using boundary conditions from the ECMWF ERA-Interim dataset. The topographic effect on rainfall is well represented in NHRCM but can result in wet (dry) biases in the windward (leeward) side of mountains. NHRCM is able to reduce the overestimated rainfall in ERA-Interim, particularly over eastern Philippines and in the Maritime Continent, with improvements in spatial patterns. Both seasonality and daily distribution of rainfall are represented in most regions. On the other hand, there is a tendency to underestimate the number of wet days, especially during the respective wet season of the subregion, and to overestimate daily rainfall intensity. NHRCM also has an overall cold model bias, which reduces the warm bias in ERA-Interim, except for some parts of Indochina during boreal winter and spring. These results indicate the improved representation of present climate in Southeast Asia using NHRCM, and its potential applicability in downscaling climate projections to increase projected climate scenarios for the region.(Citation: Cruz, F. T., and H. Sasaki, 2017: Simulation of present climate over Southeast Asia using the Non-hydrostatic Regional Climate Model. SOLA, 13, 13−18,

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Section: and Hidetaka Sasakisupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Design Of Model Experiments and Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Simulation of Present Climate over Southeast Asia Using the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model

Cruz

Sasaki

2017

SOLA

Self Cite

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“…The spatial resolution of these numerical experiments is an important aspect of the successful simulation of regional-scale precipitation (e.g., Sato et al 2008;Prein et al 2015). When computational resources are limited, a spatial resolution of coarser than 10 km is commonly used to obtain the climatological ensemble mean of physical variables, in which case a cumulus parameterization (CP) should be used to represent sub-grid-scale precipitation (e.g., Cruz et al 2016). In contrast, a microphysical process and a triggering of cloud convection are explicitly calculated in experiments using a fine mesh size (e.g., Prein et al 2015), resulting in an improvement in the thermodynamical processes associated with cumulus convection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Spatial Resolution and Cumulus Parameterization on Simulated Precipitation over South Asia

Sugimoto

Takahashi

2016

SOLA

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This paper evaluates the ability of a regional-scale climate model to simulate precipitation over the South Asian tropical region. Experiments were conducted using three different spatial resolutions, with and without cumulus parameterization (CP), to assess the influence of horizontal mesh size and the CP on regional-scale precipitation. The experiments that used a finer mesh size but no CP improved the spatial distribution of monthly precipitation relative to that in the experiments based on a coarser spatial resolution. Meanwhile, the impact of horizontal mesh size was much less in the experiments that included the CP because an overestimation of precipitation caused by the CP strongly affected the simulation accuracy in these experiments. Regional differences in diurnal variations in precipitation intensity and frequency were captured reasonably well in the pre-monsoon season regardless of the spatial resolution, and both with and without the CP. In contrast, the diurnal characteristics of precipitation were difficult to simulate during the mature monsoon season. During both seasons, those experiments that incorporated the CP tended to predicted a continuous weak precipitation due to the excessive release of convective instability; accordingly, precipitation intensity was weaker, and precipitation frequency greater than in those experiments that did not use the CP.(Citation: Sugimoto, S., and H. G. Takahashi, 2016: Effect of spatial resolution and cumulus parameterization on simulated precipitation over South Asia. SOLA, 12A, 7−12,

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Sensitivity of temperature to physical parameterization schemes of RegCM4 over the CORDEX‐Southeast Asia region

Cruz

Narisma

Dado

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study examines the simulated temperature over Southeast Asia (SEA) using the Regional Climate Model version 4.3 (RegCM4.3), and its sensitivity to selected cumulus and ocean surface flux schemes. Model simulations were conducted for the SEA domain at 36 km spatial resolution for the period of 1989-2008, as part of the Southeast Asia Regional Climate Downscaling/Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment-Southeast Asia (SEACLID/CORDEX-Southeast Asia) project. A total of 18 sensitivity experiments were conducted with a combination of six cumulus parameterization schemes and three ocean surface flux schemes. The model's skill in representing mean, maximum and minimum temperatures is evaluated against observed gridded data sets. Results indicate a predominant cold bias in all simulations, particularly over mainland SEA (Indochina) during the season of December to February. Nevertheless, the seasonal correlation is highest over this region. The cold bias of the model is also evident in the temperature distributions, such that there are more cold months than observed, which may be associated with the underestimation of the daily maximum temperature. A few simulations also reveal a warm bias over some areas in the Maritime Continent. Further examination shows that both radiative and surface fluxes influence the simulated temperature, which may also have effects that partially offset each other in some areas. Comparison of the sensitivity experiments reveals differences in model performance, and underlines the importance in choosing the appropriate configuration for RegCM4.3 before it is used to downscale climate projections, particularly for the SEA region. This study also shows a strong influence of the choice of cumulus scheme on temperature. Based on performance metrics for temperature among the schemes tested, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Emanuel cumulus scheme and the Biosphere-Atmosphere Transfer Scheme version 1e (BATS1e) ocean surface flux scheme can be used in future simulations for the region.

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Assessing the Sensitivity of the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model to Boundary Conditions and Convective Schemes over the Philippines

Cited by 22 publications

References 27 publications

Simulation of Present Climate over Southeast Asia Using the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model

Simulation of Present Climate over Southeast Asia Using the Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model

Effect of Spatial Resolution and Cumulus Parameterization on Simulated Precipitation over South Asia

Sensitivity of temperature to physical parameterization schemes of RegCM4 over the CORDEX‐Southeast Asia region

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