Assessing the virucidal activity of essential oils against feline calicivirus, a non-enveloped virus used as surrogate of norovirus

In Vitro Virucidal Activity of Different Essential Oils against Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Used as Surrogate of Human Hepatitis C Virus

“…Despite virucidal efficacy of EOs against both several enveloped RNA and DNA viruses having been demonstrated [ 52 ], the activity of EOs against non-enveloped viruses requires further confirmation. In a recent study [ 53 ]), the same EOs assessed in the present study have been tested against a non-enveloped virus thus observing less relevant results. Accordingly, EOs are not regarded as a valid alternative for inactivation of non-enveloped viruses [ 54 ].…”

“…The virucidal effects against BVDV of SEO, MEO, LEO, REO and TEO at concentrations 10-fold (10,987.00 μg/mL, 1238.57 μg/mL, 298.60 μg/mL, 3464.00 μg/mL and 1977.78 μg/mL, respectively, and 100-fold (109,870.00 μg/mL, 12,385.70 μg/mL, 2986.00 μg/mL, 34,640.00 μg/mL and 19,777.80 μg/mL, respectively) over the cytotoxic threshold, regarded as CC 20 were evaluated. The different virus–EO mixtures were titrated on the MDBK cells and compared with the untreated infected cells (control virus, CV), as previously described [ 53 ]. All the experiments were carried out in triplicate.…”