Assessment and correlation between functional and histological staging of oral submucous fibrosis: A clinicohistopathologic study

Abstract

Background and Objective: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a precancerous condition. It is widespread in the Asian subcontinent, with India bearing most of the burden. It is characterized by mucosal rigidity of varying intensity due to the fibroelastic changes of the juxta epithelial layer, resulting in a progressive inability to open the mouth. Early recognition with accurate staging of the disease and appropriate treatment planning is of utmost importance to prevent the malignant transformation and to improve the quality of life of the patient. In the present study, an attempt is made to clinically evaluate the condition and correlate it with the histopathological findings according to standard criteria. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based study was conducted on sixty OSMF patients. Detailed history was recorded, and functional staging was given depending on mouth opening. Punch biopsy was performed, and histological stages were given based on standard criteria. The data so received were mathematically evaluated to determine whether any correlation exists between the stages using Chi-square test. Results: The sixty patients were in the age range of 16–50 years. Male-to-female ratio was that of 97:3. The statistical analysis using Chi-square test showed statistically significant association ( P < 0.001) between the functional and histologic stages. Conclusion: There is a definite correlation between functional and histological stages of OSMF which suggests that clinically advanced OSMF has extensive fibrosis histologically.

Correlation Between Clinical and Histopathological Stagings of Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Clinicopathological Cognizance of 238 Cases From South India

“…Similar cases are reported from India and adjacent countries in children who had a history of areca nut chewing or tobacco consumption [ 15 , 16 ]. Males clearly outnumbered the females, which is in concordance with the previously reported studies, irrespective of the region and country [ 13 , 17 , 18 ].…”

“…The data pertaining to the correlation between functional or clinical and histopathological stagings is conflicting [ 17 , 23 , 24 ]. While most studies showed no correlation between the histological and clinical staging systems, we found a significant correlation between the histological and clinical staging of OSMF implying that clinically advanced OSMF shows extensive fibrosis and constricted vasculature histopathologically.…”

Assessment of correlation between clinical staging, functional staging, and histopathological grading of oral submucous fibrosis

“…Another study was carried out by Bhatt et al . [ 30 ] in 2018. They found definitive correlation between functional and histological stages of OSMF.…”

DNA Image Cytometry for Screening the Carcinogenetic Risk of Oral Potential Malignant Disorders

“…According to the WHO definition of OLK, white lesions with the respective clinical manifestations and pathological features are excluded, such as leukoedema, linea alba, chronic biting irritation, white spongy nevus, and other potentially malignant disorders such as discoid lupus erythematosus and lichen planus. The pathology of OSF is characterized by hypercollagenous deposits in the subepithelial connective tissue of the oral mucosa and local inflammation of the lamina propria or deep connective tissue, as well as muscle degenerative changes 26 . In addition, epithelial cell atrophy, and loss of rete pegs have been reported 27 .…”