2023
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59040765
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Assessment and Correlation of Salivary Ca, Mg, and pH in Smokers and Non-Smokers with Generalized Chronic Periodontitis

Abstract: Background and Objectives: Diagnostic evaluation with the aid of biomarkers has reached newer heights to assess disease activity. Salivary calcium, magnesium, and pH are one of the biochemical parameters which can be helpful in assessing the progression of periodontal disease. Smokers are at topnotch threat for having oral diseases, predominantly periodontal diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the salivary calcium, magnesium, and pH levels in smokers compared with non-smokers with chronic periodontit… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Along with this, the results of both general meta‐analysis and subgroup meta‐analyses, even despite the absence of statistically significant differences compared to the control group for a number of clinical outcomes and a high level of heterogeneity, were characterized by a general unidirectional trend towards improvement in key indicators of periodontitis. Such key clinical indicators, according to most researchers, are BOP, PD and CAL, which, although they are interconnected, but pathogenetically reflect the stabilization or progression of the disease 27–29 . It is recognized that PD is a parameter related to subgingival plaque and inflammatory status, while CAL is a crucial indicator of previous cumulative destruction of periodontal ligament.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Along with this, the results of both general meta‐analysis and subgroup meta‐analyses, even despite the absence of statistically significant differences compared to the control group for a number of clinical outcomes and a high level of heterogeneity, were characterized by a general unidirectional trend towards improvement in key indicators of periodontitis. Such key clinical indicators, according to most researchers, are BOP, PD and CAL, which, although they are interconnected, but pathogenetically reflect the stabilization or progression of the disease 27–29 . It is recognized that PD is a parameter related to subgingival plaque and inflammatory status, while CAL is a crucial indicator of previous cumulative destruction of periodontal ligament.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Periodontal disorders involve a bacterial community in the oral cavity triggering an inflammatory response, leading to bleeding upon probing, periodontal attachment loss, bone resorption, and tooth loss [ 6 - 11 ]. These conditions have been associated with systemic illnesses such as heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome, suggesting a common low-grade inflammatory mechanism [ 12 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Periodontitis is a progressive inflammatory oral disease caused by biofilm-forming microorganisms. It involves the gradual destruction of dental supporting tissues, including alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, cementum, and gingiva [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Periodontitis is the major cause of tooth loss in adults and the most prevalent form of bone pathology in humans [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%