Assessment and self-assessment of the pharmacists' competencies using the global competency framework (GbCF) in Serbia

Stojkov, Svetlana; Tadić, Ivana; Crnjanski, Tatjana; Krajnović, Dušanka

doi:10.2298/vsp140728040s

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Evidence showed that competency frameworks are an acceptable tool for the facilitation and evaluation of performance development [32][33][34][35] . However, investigating pharmacists' acceptance of a competency framework before its actual use in performance assessment is rarely studied 36 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competency development for pharmacy: Adopting and adapting the Global Competency Framework

Al‐Haqan

Smith

Bader

et al. 2021

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

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Background: With current accelerated changes in the role of the pharmacists across different sectors, evidence-based developmental tools are needed to re-define the scope of practice for early career pharmacists (foundation level) and to support pharmacists' career development. This study aimed to develop a foundation competency framework for pharmacists in Kuwait using the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) Global Competency Framework (GbCF) in an adopt and adapt approach.Methods: A 4-phase adopt and adapt approach was followed to develop the Kuwait Foundation Competency Framework (KFCF). Phase one involved translating the FIP GbCF, into Arabic using parallel translation. Phase two utilises 2 consensus panels validation involving pharmacists from public and private sectors. Phase three involved a national survey to all registered pharmacists in Kuwait. The final phase involved focus groups with pharmacists and a consensus panel validation with key policy and decision makers in the pharmacy practice and education sectors in Kuwait. Qualitative data were thematically analysed, while quantitative data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows. Results:The translation phase yielded a bilingual framework that could be utilised by pharmacists in Kuwait. The initial validation phase identified 70 behavioural statements (out of the GbCF's 100) as 'highly relevant' or 'relevant' to pharmacy practice in Kuwait. Findings from the national survey identified a list of behaviours that could be adapted in Kuwait context as well as competencies that were perceived as least relevant to Kuwait practice. The final validation phase generated a list of 98 behavioural statements to be included in the KFCF along with recommendations and an action plan to facilitate the adaptation of the framework. Conclusion:This study presents the first bilingual (Arabic/English) pharmacy foundation competency framework that builds on the FIP GbCF. The KFCF could be utilised as a developmental tool to support pharmacists' performance at foundation level.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competency development for pharmacy: Adopting and adapting the Global Competency Framework

Al‐Haqan

Smith

Bader

et al. 2021

Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy

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“…With the aim of investigating problems in the supply and distribution of medicines on the Serbian market from various standpoints, a shortened variant of the Delphi method-Panel of Experts-was used in the study [10,11]. Panel was organized with an emphasis on the exchange of opinions and experiences, but also as a "scientific approach to consensus" [12].…”

Section: Panel Of Expertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicine Shortages in Serbia: Pharmacists’ Standpoint and Potential Solutions for a Non-EU Country

et al. 2021

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Medicine shortages in Serbia have evidently been present for several decades, but literature data are scarce. The aim of our study was to get an insight on the present situation in Serbia, review the EU actions when managing shortages, and discern a set of potential measures. A short survey was conducted among 500 pharmacists in public pharmacies, in 23 cities in Serbia. The survey questions addressed frequency of drug shortages, professional actions in the event of shortages, main consequences to patients and pharmacies, putative causes, and pivotal measures for the prevention/mitigation of drug shortages under current conditions. Moreover, a Panel of Experts was organized, whose suggestions and opinions were used to analyze the present situation and to form a set of potential solutions and effective measures to mitigate shortages of medicines. In-depth analysis of current Serbian legislation was conducted, with emphasis on specific steps to be made within the actual legal framework. Examples of good practice in the EU, applicable to a country such as Serbia, were examined. Our research showed that although Serbia is, in some aspects, behind EU countries regarding the approaches to overcome medicine shortages, progress can be made within short period of time, by specific well-targeted actions. Both patients and pharmacists would benefit from it.

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“…Critical evaluation skills have been emphasized in the recent COVID-19 pandemic given the level of misinformation especially surrounding possible treatments such hydroxychloroquine with the potential to increase deaths from suicide as well as appreciably increase prices through shortages [ 13 – 15 ]. All these competencies represent key challenges facing healthcare professionals including community pharmacists today [ 16 ]. We are aware that the discipline of pharmaceutical care arose from dissatisfaction with previous practice norms and the pressing need for more competent healthcare professionals with comprehensive knowledge of the therapeutic use of medicines to improve the care of patients [ 17 ], and this will continue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Self-assessment is considered an important skill for development, and within professional practice, self-assessment is the foundation upon which the cycle of continuing professional development is built [ 27 , 28 ]. Through self-assessment, health professionals develop the ability to manage their self-improvement [ 16 , 29 ]. Whilst self-assessment is used to describe many types of activities, aspects of “self-rating” or “self-audit” used to assess knowledge or clinical performance would appear to be the most relevant to pharmacists [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications

et al. 2021

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Background Pharmacists are often the first healthcare professionals that patients contact with their illnesses and requests for medical information, which is enhanced following the recent COVID-19 pandemic. Community pharmacists are expected and required to possess a broad spectrum of knowledge and skills. Self-assessment of these competencies is needed for their self-improvement. Purpose of the study To assess pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives, and to compare the scores obtained by external observation with pharmacists’ self-assessment of their knowledge as well as investigate the significance of preceptorship experiences. Contraceptives was chosen as the subject area in view of high rates of abortions as a means of contraception in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods A questionnaire approach was used. The questionnaire included the following: the first domain contained two case scenarios (safe use of contraceptives), which evaluated clinical knowledge, a second domain in which pharmacists self-assessed their knowledge to resolve cases from the first domain and a third domain that measured the demographics of pharmacists (including experience in preceptorship). Dispensing practice was evaluated in the second domain. The questionnaires were distributed to a convenient sample of 100 pharmacists at the Annual Meeting of Bosnia and Herzegovina Pharmacists. The results were presented as counts (%). The groups (preceptors and non-preceptors) were compared using Mann-Whitney U test, paired assessments were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman’s correlation was used to assess the correlation between variables. Results Of the 100 pharmacists invited to participate, 84 completed the questionnaire (84 % response rate). There was no agreement between pharmacists’ real knowledge (average score - case 1: 2.71, case 2: 3.3) and their self-assessment (average score - case 1: 3.77, case 2: 3.91). There was no statistically significant difference in the actual knowledge of pharmacists (experienced/non-experienced in precepting), while the difference in the self-assessment was significant between these two groups. Conclusion Pharmacists appear to overrate themselves, which leads to self-enhancement bias, in which the experience in precepting has some influence. Pharmacists’ capability in performing an objective self-assessment of their clinical knowledge needs to be carefully studied in the future to fully benefit patients.

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Assessment and self-assessment of the pharmacists' competencies using the global competency framework (GbCF) in Serbia

Abstract: GbCF might be considered as an instrument for the competencies' evaluation/selfevaluation and their improvement, accordingly.

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Competency development for pharmacy: Adopting and adapting the Global Competency Framework

Competency development for pharmacy: Adopting and adapting the Global Competency Framework

Medicine Shortages in Serbia: Pharmacists’ Standpoint and Potential Solutions for a Non-EU Country

Pharmacists’ clinical knowledge and practice in the safe use of contraceptives: real knowledge vs. self-perception and the implications

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