Assessment of a New Selective Chromogenic
 Bacillus cereus
 Group Plating Medium and Use of Enterobacterial Autoinducer of Growth for Cultural Identification of
 Bacillus
 Species

Reissbrodt, Rolf; Rassbach, Astrid; Burghardt, B.; Rienäcker, I.; Mietke, Henriette; Schleif, J.; Tschäpe, Helmut; Lyte, Mark; Williams, Peter H.

doi:10.1128/jcm.42.8.3795-3798.2004

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Similar data were obtained with the nine other strains listed in Table 1 (data not shown). It has been proposed that AI preparations contain enterobactin and its breakdown products, the so-called enterobactin complex formed by enterobactin-producing strains under conditions of iron limitation (3,13,15). In the iron-restricted environment of serum-SAPI medium, the presence of siderophores would clearly explain enhanced growth and concomitant toxin expression, as reported by Lyte and coworkers (8,11).…”

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Enterobacterial Autoinducer of Growth Enhances Shiga Toxin Production by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

et al. 2006

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The addition of the enterobacterial autoinducer of growth to nutrient-poor minimal medium markedly accelerated the exponential growth rates of strains of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli but had little or no effect on maximal cell densities in stationary phase. Growth in the presence of the autoinducer resulted in an approximately twofold enhancement in Shiga toxin production.Mammalian signaling molecules such as the catecholamine neuroendocrine hormone L-norepinephrine (NE) can stimulate the growth of a number of pathogenic bacteria and, in some cases, the expression of virulence properties (1,2,6,7,9,10,12,17). In addition, transient exposure of Escherichia coli to NE in a serum-containing minimal medium induced the production of a heat-stable autoinducer of growth (AI), which elicited responses similar to those with NE, including induction of more AI (11). Similar effects were later observed for a range of enterobacterial species (4). In the case of E. coli, the mechanism of growth stimulation by NE includes facilitation of iron acquisition from the mammalian iron-binding proteins transferrin and lactoferrin (5). However, the activity of AI is not confined to bacterial growth under the iron-limited conditions of a serum-containing medium. We recently demonstrated resuscitation by enterobacterial AI of highly stressed populations of pathogenic isolates of enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in iron-containing nutrient-rich media (16). AI also enhanced the sensitivity and speed of enrichment of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis spores in both serum-supplemented medium and buffered peptone water (15). The present paper provides another example of iron-independent AI activity, with important practical implications for the detection of Shiga toxin-producing EHEC strains.A new nutrient-poor minimal medium (NPMM) formulation that avoids the use of antibiotics and bile salts as selective supplements has been developed for enrichment of EHEC from clinical, food, and environmental samples (W. Voigt, A. Fruth, H.-H. Sonneborn, H. Tschäpe, and R. Reissbrodt, Abstr. VTEC 2003 Meet., p. 149, 2003 [vol/vol] adult bovine serum, pH 7.5) containing 50 M NE was inoculated at approximately 100 to 1,000 CFU/ml with the producing strain and incubated overnight at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO 2 atmosphere. Bacteria were pelleted by centrifugation (6,000 ϫ g for 15 min), and the culture supernatants were filter sterilized and stored at Ϫ20°C until required. Sterile preparations were serially diluted in fresh sterile SAPI medium, and samples of each dilution were added at 2% (vol/vol) to serum-SAPI medium inoculated with 100 to 1,000 CFU/ml of an indicator strain. The dilution that promoted bacterial growth after overnight incubation at 37°C to an optical density at 620 nm (OD 620 ) of 0.4, which represents 10 8 CFU/ml, was used as a supplement to NPMM, as described below. For the experiments reported here, we prepared AI from cultures of a strain that we had previously reported to be...

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Enterobacterial Autoinducer of Growth Enhances Shiga Toxin Production by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

et al. 2006

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“…16 Reducing oxygen tension in the culture environment may limit oxidative damage and ease the transition from dormancy into active aerobic metabolism during recovery in diagnostic culture procedures. 17 This could possibly decrease recovery time, allowing for earlier detection of MAP in fecal culture. Earlier detection of MAP infection could thus help to reduce the spread of Johne's disease through and between herds.…”

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The biological reducing agent Oxyrase improves the resuscitation of dormant Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

Rock

Kinkead

Secott

2016

Microbiol Res (Pavia)

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiologic agent of Johne’s disease, a chronic intestinal disease of cattle and other ruminants. Diagnostic culture for MAP is typically unrewarding until latter stages of the disease. This may be a consequence of oxidative damage to dormant organisms, which results from culture. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of the commercial reducing agent Oxyrase® for Broth (OB) on the recovery of dormant Mycobacterium smegmatis (MS) and MAP. Dormant organisms were inoculated into medium only or that supplemented with media containing serial dilutions of OB. Growth was monitored by optical density for up to 21 days. Treatment of MAP and MS with OB led to significant increases in recovery and growth yield. However, the concentration of OB necessary to promote recovery was dependent on the number of viable organisms present in seed cultures. Mitigating oxidative damage by using OB can facilitate the recovery of dormant mycobacteria. Whether this is a direct or indirect effect has yet to be be established.

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Mechanisms by Which Catecholamines Induce Growth in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Human Pathogens

Freestone

Sandrini

2010

Microbial Endocrinology

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Assessment of a New Selective Chromogenic Bacillus cereus Group Plating Medium and Use of Enterobacterial Autoinducer of Growth for Cultural Identification of Bacillus Species

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Enterobacterial Autoinducer of Growth Enhances Shiga Toxin Production by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

Enterobacterial Autoinducer of Growth Enhances Shiga Toxin Production by Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli

The biological reducing agent Oxyrase improves the resuscitation of dormant Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis

Mechanisms by Which Catecholamines Induce Growth in Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Human Pathogens

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