Assessment of Achyranthes aspera induced toxicity and molecular analysis of RAPD-PCR profiles of larval genomic DNA of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

Sharma, Aarti; Kumar, Sarita; Tripathi, Pushplata

doi:10.1007/s12639-017-0935-1

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Thus, the DNA damage due to exposure of an organism to plant extracts 21,22 may result from the formation of covalently bound adducts between metabolites and DNA; and the faulty repair of these adducts often results in www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ mortality 24 . In contrast, no DNA damage was found in the current findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insecticidal and Genotoxic effects of some indigenous plant extracts in Culex quinquefasciatus Say Mosquitoes

Zulhussnain

Zahoor

Rizvi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Five different weed plants viz. Convulvulus arvensis, Chenopodium murale, Tribulus terrestris, Trianthema portulacastrum, and Achyranthes aspera were investigated for their entomocidal and genotoxic effects against Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. High mortality was observed at 72 hours in a dose dependent manner. Among all the tested plants, A. aspera was found highly significant which showed 100% mortality at 250 ppm after 72 hours with LC 50 of 87.46, 39.08 and 9.22 ppm at 24, 48, respectively. in combination with Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti); A. aspera also caused 100% mortality at 250 ppm concentration after 72 hours (LC 50 8.29 ppm). Phytochemical analysis of all the tested weed plants showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, anthrequinones and terpenoids. Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA-Polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and comet assay were performed to assess the genotoxic effect of A. aspera but no change in DNA profile was observed. Furthermore, FTIR showed the presence of phenolic compounds in A. aspera extract. It is suggested that certain phenolic compounds such as flavonoids modulate the enzymatic activity and, hence, cause the death of larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Altogether, current study would serve as an initial step towards replacement of synthetic insecticides to plant-microbe based biopesticide against Culex mosquitoes in future.Mosquitoes are reported to cause nuisance to humans and transmit several viral and protozoan diseases of public health concern worldwide. These are female mosquitoes which make a bite during their search for blood meal before oviposition which thus, increases their tendency to transmit several diseases including malaria, filariasis, dengue fever, japanese encephalitis, chikungunya, zika virus and yellow fever. These diseases make life at risk of millions of people particularly in subtropical/tropical world 1,2 . Of various mosquito species, Cx. quinquefasciatus transmits various diseases i.e., West Nile virus, Japanese encephalitis, filariasis, bancroftian filariasis (Wuchereria bancrofti), St. Louis encephalitis, and avian malaria 3 . In southern United States, St. Louis virus and West Nile virus (WNV) were transmitted by Cx. quinquefasciatus 4,5 . Almost 120 million people are affected annually only by lymphatic filariasis, whereas 1.3 billion are at risk resulting in nearly $1.3 billion loss of productivity per year 6 . Similarly, three billion individuals are at risk of being infected by Japanese encephalitis with 30,000-50,000 reported cases every year in disease endemic areas 7 . Besides disease transmission in humans; Cx. quinquefasciatus is also responsible for transmitting several diseases to livestock and companion animals viz. Rift Valley fever, canine dirofilariasis (dog heartworm), avian malaria, avian pox, and West Nile encephalitis which lead to high mortalities or decreased productivity 8 . open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:6826 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-6381...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of A. aspera and Bti showed low LC 50 (137, 49 and 8 ppm; p < 0.05) at24,48 and 72 h, respectively. However, the combination of Pseudomonas and A. aspera showed very high LC 50 (>250 ppm) at 24 h and, moderate to high LC 50 (213 and 111 ppm; p > 0.05) was found at 48 and 72 h, respectively.…”

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confidence: 91%

Insecticidal and Genotoxic effects of some indigenous plant extracts in Culex quinquefasciatus Say Mosquitoes

Zulhussnain

Zahoor

Rizvi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The RAPD technique can be used to determine the level of genetic variability in sand flies and clarify doubts regarding the current species complexes, which are difficult to distinguish solely by morphological features. This technique has been used to investigate the genetic characteristics of insect vectors including the taxonomic relationships between cryptic species (Adamson et al, 1993;Fraga et al, 2011), intra-and interpopulational variability (Meneses et al, 2005;Rocha et al, 2007;Seblova et al, 2013) and the identification of populations resistant or susceptible to insecticides (Hiragi et al, 2009) or phytochemicals (Sharma et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS, STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL

Gonçalves¹,

Castro

Luz

et al. 2021

Acta biol. Colomb.

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Lutzomyia intermedia (Diptera: Psychodidae) features as one of the main vectors that are involved in the transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) in the Neotropical region. However, genetic studies involving this taxon are still incipient and important for understanding the level of variability of different populations, their role, and implications as vectors. The aim of this study was to determine the level of genetic diversity of L. intermedia present in the Ribeira River Valley, an area of ACL transmission in the state of Paraná, Brazil, through the Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Two municipalities were chosen to collect sand flies: Cerro Azul (new transmission area of the ACL) and Adrianópolis (endemic area of the ACL). The insects were captured in the house, in the peridomicile and in the wild (forest). Two of the used markers made it possible to estimate the polymorphism of the studied populations, resulting in 40 genotypes, most of them from peridomicile. The dendrogram generated by the analysis with the primer A10 showed different degrees of similarity, suggesting that there may be gene flow in the studied populations. The Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) with the A2 primer, was useful in grouping L. intermedia according to its ecological and geographical origin. There was no distinction between the lineages composing the L. intermedia complex. The results of this study, with the record of great genotypic diversity in L. intermedia, may contribute to explain the maintenance of the life cycle of Leishmania braziliensis (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) in the region.

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“…3 In the last decades, dengue has emerged as a prime health concern in tropical and subtropical expanse of the world resulting in increased mortality every year. 4 Indonesia is the one of the many tropical countries that are affected by the dengue virus (DENV). The main clinical manifestations, namely Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), are responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates every year.…”

Section: Research Report Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rna Isolation of Dengue Virus Type 1 With Different Precipitation Solvents: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Acetone, and Ethanol 70%

Maharani

Sucipto²,

Setyawati³

et al. 2018

IJTID

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Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is caused by dengue viruses that belong to Flaviviridae. The disease is known to be caused by 4 types of dengue viruses, namely DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4 associated with antigenic. Dengue virus is a virus RNA that causes illness with clinical manifestations of Dengue Fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever and Dengue Shock Syndrome. The aim of research was to determine the effectiveness of dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, and ethanol 70% as precipitation solvent in the process of RNA isolation. The method used was Reverse Transcription - Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with specific primers for dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1). RNA isolation can be done easily using an RNA Isolation Kit. Use of RNA Isolation Kit results in a purer RNA isolate from contaminants and from RNA degradation. In generally the isolation is using cold ethanol / alcohol with concentration 90-95%. Ethanol / Alcohol does not dissolve RNA and light density of alcohol lighter than water makes RNA rise and hover on the surface. In RNA isolation solvent precipitation that used are acetone, ethanol 70%, and DMSO. In qualitative RNA measurements using agarose gel electrophoresis and was examined under the UV light-illuminator and quantitative RNA measurements using Nanodrop spectrophotometry with absorbance ratio at 260/280 and 260/230 showed a good result indicated by the appearance of the band on electrophoresis results in PCR. While the measurement quantitatively is showed that there was still protein contamination but the results are quite good because it does not much different from the ratio set in the reference. Acetone, ethanol 70%, and DMSO can be used as a substitute of 96% ethanol in the process of RNA isolation in DENV-1 virus and can also be applied to other dengue virus because the structure of the 4th antigen serotype is very similar one with the other and no effect.

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Assessment of Achyranthes aspera induced toxicity and molecular analysis of RAPD-PCR profiles of larval genomic DNA of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Insecticidal and Genotoxic effects of some indigenous plant extracts in Culex quinquefasciatus Say Mosquitoes

Insecticidal and Genotoxic effects of some indigenous plant extracts in Culex quinquefasciatus Say Mosquitoes

GENETIC DIVERSITY OF Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia IN AN ENDEMIC AREA OF AMERICAN CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS, STATE OF PARANÁ, BRAZIL

Rna Isolation of Dengue Virus Type 1 With Different Precipitation Solvents: Dimethyl Sulfoxide, Acetone, and Ethanol 70%

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