Assessment of Ageing Mechanisms in Lubricants and Their Effects on Retained Low Temperature Pumpability of Top Tier Oils

Selective production of valuable hydrocarbons from waste motorbike engine oils via catalytic fast pyrolysis using zeolites

“…TBN is a measure of the concentration of the alkaline additives like calcium and magnesium sulfonates, phenates and salicylates that are used to neutralize the acids that may be generated during aging. Usually, a low value of TBN (3-5 mg KOH/g oil) is an indication of oil replacement [42]. It is clear that both oil1 and oil2 attained the state of replacement.…”

“…The contribution of C 31-40 alkanes was 6.34%, 27.38%, 28.16%, 21.92%, 4.95% and 0.0% at 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 o C, respectively (Figure S6 in supplementary data). Hydrocarbons in the C[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] range, primarily tetratetracontane (C 44 H 90 ) and tetrapentacontane (C 54 H 110 ), were produced only in the temperature range of 300-500 o C. The above observations show that the production of hydrocarbons with C>30 increased with temperature up to 500 o C and then decreased, which…”