Assessment of American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-Approved Teams’ Websites for Patient-Oriented Content and Readability

Alfonso, Allyson R.; DeMitchell-Rodriguez, Evellyn M; Ramly, Elie P.; Noel, Daphney Y; Levy-Lambert, Dina; Wang, Maxime M.; Kantar, Rami S.; Flores, Roberto L.

doi:10.1177/1055665619850441

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The FRES and FKGL were used for several reasons, including the ease of calculation, historical comparisons available in the literature, and the documented congruency these metrics have with other tools, such as SMOG or Coleman-Liau Index to measure reading grade level. 14 For CL/P, the average FRES was considered fairly difficult to read (10-12th Grade reading level), and FKGL was considered standard plain English (8-9th Grade reading level). For CFS websites, the average FRES was considered difficult to read (13-16th Grade reading level/College), and FKGL was considered standard plain English (8-9th Grade reading level).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 These findings were redemonstrated by Alfonso and colleagues in their 2019 study where they found that the average reading level for the information provided by approved teams listed by the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association was 10.7, and no websites were found to meet the recommended standard of a sixthgrade reading level. 14 Despite promising findings from the most recent literature indicating that "cleft palate surgery" readability is approximately at the seventh-grade reading level, the historical trend for readability studies focuses on cleft care or aggregate craniofacial websites without comparison. 15 The goal of this study was to evaluate the readability of the most popularly searched websites providing parents information related to CL/P and other CFS using validated readability tools to assess whether these websites are adhering to current recommended standards, as well as to explore for differences that may exist between CL/P and CFS websites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the Message Clear? Evaluation of Readability Levels for Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, and Craniofacial Websites

Washington

Cepeda

Moffitt

et al. 2022

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

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Web-based health information is the leading source of medical knowledge for patients and families. The American Medical Association (AMA) and US Department of Health and Human Services recommend reading material be at or below a sixth-grade reading level. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the readability of the most popularly searched cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) and other craniofacial syndrome (CFS) websites. Google searches for “cleft lip,” “cleft palate,” and “craniofacial syndromes” were performed to identify the top 40 websites in an incognito window with the location set to the United States. Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) was used to determine ease of reading from 0 (most difficult) to 100 (greatest ease of reading) and Flesch-Kincaid Reading Grade (FKGL) for website content and compared between websites using an FRES of 80 to 90 and FKGL of 6.0 to 6.9 for a sixth-grade reading level. Readability was low for all sites with 6 CL/P websites and no CFS websites at or below a sixth-grade reading level. CL/P websites had FRES readability scores of 58.5 ± 12.3 and were at a 9.4 ± 2.3 grade level. CFS websites had readability scores on the FRES of 39.8 ± 13.1 and were at a 10.8 ± 1.8 grade level. Web-based information related to CL/P and CFS is on average several grade levels above the recommended sixth-grade reading level. Online information for CL/P and CFS may need to be revised to improve understanding for the public and families.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the Message Clear? Evaluation of Readability Levels for Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, and Craniofacial Websites

Washington

Cepeda

Moffitt

et al. 2022

The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The mean DISCERN score for patient-searched websites was not statistically different from that for physician-recommended websites (3.21 vs 3.62, respectively; P =.16). Numerous studies [ 12 , 13 , 15 - 17 ] identified that readability, as analyzed by the Flesch-Kincaid Tool, of web-based information exceeded the recommended sixth to eighth grade reading levels [ 68 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Engagement in Web-Based Health Care Patient Information: Narrative Review of the Literature

et al. 2021

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Background Web-based content is rapidly becoming the primary source of health care information. There is a pressing need for web-based health care content to not only be accurate but also be engaging. Improved engagement of people with web-based health care content has the potential to inform as well as influence behavioral change to enable people to make better health care choices. The factors associated with better engagement with web-based health care content have previously not been considered. Objective The aims of this study are to identify the factors that affect engagement with web-based health care content and develop a framework to be considered when creating such content. Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed and MEDLINE database was performed from January 1, 1946, to January 5, 2020. The reference lists of all included studies were also searched. The Medical Subject Headings database was used to derive the following keywords: “patient information,” “online,” “internet,” “web,” and “content.” All studies in English pertaining to the factors affecting engagement in web-based health care patient information were included. No restrictions were set on the study type. Analysis of the themes arising from the results was performed using inductive content analysis. Results The search yielded 814 articles, of which 56 (6.9%) met our inclusion criteria. The studies ranged from observational and noncontrolled studies to quasi-experimental studies. Overall, there was significant heterogeneity in the types of interventions and outcome assessments, which made quantitative assessment difficult. Consensus among all authors of this study resulted in six categories that formed the basis of a framework to assess the factors affecting engagement in web-based health care content: easy to understand, support, adaptability, accessibility, visuals and content, and credibility and completeness. Conclusions There is a paucity of high-quality data relating to the factors that improve the quality of engagement with web-based health care content. Our framework summarizes the reported studies, which may be useful to health care content creators. An evaluation of the utility of web-based content to engage users is of significant importance and may be accessible through tools such as the Net Promoter score. Web 3.0 technology and development of the field of psychographics for health care offer further potential for development. Future work may also involve improvement of the framework through a co-design process.

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“…Several studies have emphasized the readability, simplicity, and intelligibility of information resources for patients. 20,[25][26][27] Furthermore, in studies such as Ashrafi-Rizi et al, 28 developing credible information content for patient training has been considered one of the common responsibilities of medical librarians and healthcare professionals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of strategies for collaboration of medical librarians with family physicians in advancing the goals of the family physician program based on expertsâ€™ viewpoints

Ashrafi-rizi

Amraei

Kargar

et al. 2019

J. Contemp. Med. Sci.

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Objectives: The present study was carried out with the aim of identifying ways of collaboration of medical librarians with family physicians in advancing the goals of the family physician program based on the views of experts. Methods: This research was qualitative content analysis. The statistical population included experts in the fields of family physicians. Sampling method was targeted and in order to identify qualified people, snowball sampling was used as well. The data collection tool was semi-structured interview, and the researchers exploited thematic analysis in the data analysis. To determine the validity and reliability, the Lincoln and Guba method was used based on four criteria of credibility, transferability, conformability and dependability. Results: Regarding the common areas of medical librarians and family physicians, four concepts were extracted including helping physicians in scientific and professional mastering, upgrading research methodology, upgrading information literacy, and the content of information resources for patient training. Moreover, 4 concepts were identified: appropriate policy-making, education suitability, participation in clinical research, and promotion of the quality of patient training in addition to 6 components of interaction strategies. Conclusion: Strategies for the interaction of medical librarians with family physicians can become practical in areas such as proper policy-making, suitability of education, participation in clinical research, and the improvement of the quality of patient training.

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Assessment of American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association-Approved Teams’ Websites for Patient-Oriented Content and Readability

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Is the Message Clear? Evaluation of Readability Levels for Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, and Craniofacial Websites

Is the Message Clear? Evaluation of Readability Levels for Cleft Lip, Cleft Palate, and Craniofacial Websites

Factors Affecting Engagement in Web-Based Health Care Patient Information: Narrative Review of the Literature

Identification of strategies for collaboration of medical librarians with family physicians in advancing the goals of the family physician program based on expertsâ€™ viewpoints

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