Assessment of antimicrobial activity and In Vitro wound healing potential of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized with Capparis spinosa extract

Tuning Biocompatibility and Bactericidal Efficacy as a Function of Doping of Gold in ZnO Nanocrystals

“…Therefore, ZnO nanocrystals (NCs) doped with 1.0 and 5.0 Au demonstrated higher biocompatibility compared to pure ZnO at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0 mg/mL. Similar delays in postembryonic development have also been reported in other studies where larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of ZnO NCs, 53 metal NPs, 54 and TiO 2 in the anatase phase. 34 Larvae can ingest approximately 3 microliters of food per day (almost twice their weight) to compensate for the energy spent in the development process and to accumulate energy for the metamorphosis process.…”

“…ZnO NPs, obtained through different chemical and green synthesis routes, have been widely applied in antimicrobial perspectives, showing promising performance against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, although limitations regarding their spectrum of action have been observed. − In this context, the combination with other metallic nanoparticles, such as ZnO/AgNPs and Co–ZnO NPs, has been a strategy used to enhance the antimicrobial effect of the nanoproduct. , Although this study did not directly compare nanoproducts obtained from the incorporation of other metallic nanoparticles, recent studies present results similar to ours, reporting an improvement in antimicrobial activity with the incorporation of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, there is evidence that the incorporation of Au NPs exhibits better antimicrobial performance compared to the Ag/ZnO NP combination. , Doping of ZnO with metallic nanoparticles such as Ag has also been shown to be effective in controlling resistant bacteria. , Furthermore, they have shown efficacy in controlling parasites such as tegumentary Leishmaniasis. , …”

“…It is already established that ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are toxic to Drosophila and can induce the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress and genotoxicity. 63−66 The high generation of ROS may be the cause of both the delay in postembryonic development and the high larval lethality after exposure to ZnO and ZnO:0.5Au [51,53,54]. ZnO NPs cause toxicity because they induce the generation of excess ROS and disrupt the flow of Ca 2+ , leading to cellular distress, which consequently induces a series of cellular damage, such as changes in Nrf2 signaling pathways, reduction of antioxidant proteins such as glutathione (GSH), 58 redox imbalance, and mitochondrial dysfunction, which in the end lead to cell death.…”

“…ZnO NPs, obtained through different chemical and green synthesis routes, have been widely applied in antimicrobial perspectives, showing promising performance against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, although limitations regarding their spectrum of action have been observed. 53 − 55 In this context, the combination with other metallic nanoparticles, such as ZnO/AgNPs and Co–ZnO NPs, has been a strategy used to enhance the antimicrobial effect of the nanoproduct. 56 , 57 Although this study did not directly compare nanoproducts obtained from the incorporation of other metallic nanoparticles, recent studies present results similar to ours, reporting an improvement in antimicrobial activity with the incorporation of the nanoparticles.…”