Assessment of antimicrobial transfer from treated to untreated mammary gland quarters by use of high-pressure liquid chromatography for detection of cloxacillin in milk samples from nonlactating dairy cows

Sanford, Carolyn J.; Keefe, Greg; Dohoo, Ian R.; Leslie, K.E.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.67.7.1140

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This study also investigated the concentrations of antibiotic in quarters, and whether selection of ipsilateral versus diagonalcontralateral quarters for treatment affected cloxacillin transfer among quarters. Cloxacillin was detected in 25% of all untreated mammary gland quarters (Sanford et al, 2006a), but concentrations of cloxacillin in untreated quarters were below MIC for targeted mastitis pathogens. Their study also found significant differences in cloxacillin concentrations in the ipsilateral or diagonal treatment groups.…”

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Their study also found significant differences in cloxacillin concentrations in the ipsilateral or diagonal treatment groups. The results of their study suggest that within-cow half-udder comparison trials are valid for antimicrobial trials in nonlactating cows, although transfer of antimicrobials does occur in trace concentrations (Sanford et al, 2006a).…”

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Berry et al (2003) demonstrated that quarters that were untreated during the dry period were independent from treated quarters of the same cow with respect to the risk of an IMI at calving. Sanford et al (2006a) studied whether intramammary half-udder infusion of cloxacillin resulted in transfer of cloxacillin from treated to untreated mammary gland quarters within nonlactating cows. This study also investigated the concentrations of antibiotic in quarters, and whether selection of ipsilateral versus diagonalcontralateral quarters for treatment affected cloxacillin transfer among quarters.…”

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on understandings derived from Berry et al (2003) and Sanford et al (2006a) regarding the random allocation and interdependence of quarters, we believe that the papers included in this meta-analysis have adequately addressed factors that may influence the validity of study designs.…”

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of internal teat sealant products (Teatseal and Orbeseal) on intramammary infection, clinical mastitis, and somatic cell counts in lactating dairy cows: A meta-analysis

Rabiee

Lean

2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of internal teat sealant products containing bismuth subnitrate (Teatseal and Orbeseal; Pfizer Animal Health, West Ryde, Australia) when used alone, or in the presence of antibiotic dry cow therapy (ADCT), before or at drying off on the incidence of new intramammary infections (IMI), clinical mastitis, and milk somatic cell count (SCC) during lactation. The literature search identified 18 English-language publications on the use of Teatseal in dairy cattle. A total of 12 studies with 17 subtrials or comparisons including 13 positive control subtrials (internal teat sealant and ADCT vs. ADCT) and 4 negative control subtrials (internal teat sealant vs. untreated) examining IMI were included in the analysis. Internal teat sealants, alone or in the presence of ADCT, reduced the risk of acquiring new IMI after calving by 25% [risk ratio (RR)=0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.67 to 0.83]. Internal teat sealants reduced the risk of IMI by 73% compared with untreated cows (RR=0.27; 95% CI: 0.13 to 0.55). The results of both meta-analyses of IMI, with positive and negative controls, were heterogeneous [I(2) (a statistic that describes the proportion of total variation in study effect estimates that is due to heterogeneity)=65.4 and 92.1%]. No farm or cow factors studied significantly contributed to the heterogeneity of the results. A total of 16 studies (21 subtrials), including 14 positive control subtrials and 7 negative control subtrials, examining clinical mastitis were included in the analysis. Internal teat sealants alone and in the presence of ADCT reduced the risk of clinical mastitis after calving in lactating cows by 29% (RR=0.71; 95% CI: 0.62 to 0.82), and 48% (RR=0.52; 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.75), respectively. The results of the meta-analysis on clinical mastitis with positive controls were homogeneous (I(2)=33.6%), whereas the results of studies with negative controls were heterogeneous (I(2)=60.4%). No farm or cow factors studied that had sufficient data to evaluate significantly contributed to the heterogeneity of the results. The estimated linear score (LS) of milk SCC after calving in published studies (n=3) and for studies that provided raw data (n=2), was significantly lower for cattle treated with internal teat sealants and ADCT in 3 studies than for cattle treated with internal teat sealants only. The estimated LS of pooled raw data of 3 studies from 32 herds showed that the LS of cows treated with internal teat sealant and ADCT was not significantly different than those treated with ADCT only. This study found that the application of internal teat sealants in the presence of ADCT or the use of internal teat sealants alone at dry off significantly reduced the incidence of IMI and clinical mastitis in lactating dairy cows compared with respective control groups. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of internal teat sealants on postpartum milk SCC in lactating dairy cows.

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Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Between-quarter Interdependence Within Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The effect of internal teat sealant products (Teatseal and Orbeseal) on intramammary infection, clinical mastitis, and somatic cell counts in lactating dairy cows: A meta-analysis

Rabiee

Lean

2013

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…However, because the cloxacillin and cloxacillin benzathine (1:1) concentrations diminish with each milking, this seems unlikely. These concentrations might also be attributed to carry-over effects as observed by Sanford et al [ 45 ]. These authors found cloxacillin residues in 25% of untreated udder quarters located ipsilaterally or diagonally to quarters treated with cloxacillin DCT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Residue Concentrations of Cloxacillin in Milk after Intramammary Dry Cow Treatment Considering Dry Period Length

Fischer-Tenhagen

Bohm

Finnah

et al. 2023

Animals

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Dry cow treatment with an intramammary antibiotic is recommended to reduce the risk of mastitis at the beginning of the next lactation. The dry period may be shortened unintentionally, affecting antibiotic residue depletion and the time when residues reach concentrations below the maximum residue limit (MRL). The objective of this study was to evaluate residue depletion in milk after dry cow treatment with cloxacillin, considering dry periods of 14 (G14d), 21 (G21d), and 28 d (G28d). Overall, fifteen cows with 60 udder quarters were included in the study. For each cow, three of the udder quarters were treated with 1000 mg cloxacillin benzathine (2:1) on d 252, d 259, and d 266 of gestation; one quarter was left untreated. Milk samples were drawn until 20 DIM and milk composition, somatic cell count and cloxacillin residues were analyzed. The HPLC-MS/MS revealed different excretion kinetics for the compounds cloxacillin and cloxacillin benzathine (1:1). All cows showed a cloxacillin and cloxacillin benzathine (1:1) concentration below the MRL of 30 µg/kg after 5 d. In the udder quarters of G21d and G28d, the cloxacillin concentration was already below the MRL at first milking after calving. The cloxacillin benzathine (1:1) concentration in the milk of G28d, G21d, and G14d fell below 30 µg/kg on the 5th, 3rd, and 5th DIM, respectively. Shortening the dry period affects residue depletion after dry cow treatment with cloxacillin. The risk of exceeding the MRL, however, seems low, even with dry periods shorter than 14 d.

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Assessment of antimicrobial transfer from treated to untreated mammary gland quarters by use of high-pressure liquid chromatography for detection of cloxacillin in milk samples from nonlactating dairy cows

Cited by 2 publications

References 13 publications

The effect of internal teat sealant products (Teatseal and Orbeseal) on intramammary infection, clinical mastitis, and somatic cell counts in lactating dairy cows: A meta-analysis

The effect of internal teat sealant products (Teatseal and Orbeseal) on intramammary infection, clinical mastitis, and somatic cell counts in lactating dairy cows: A meta-analysis

Residue Concentrations of Cloxacillin in Milk after Intramammary Dry Cow Treatment Considering Dry Period Length

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