Assessment of antiproliferative activity of Capparis spinosa L extract against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in Swiss albino mice

Abstract

Background: Medicinal plants have been known as one of the most important therapeutic agents for cancer treatment and prevention. Capparis spinosa L is a multipurpose plant that contains different bioactive phytochemicals including phenols and flavonoids.Aims: In the present study we explore the invivo antitumor activity of Capparis spinosa L extract and most potent constituents rutin and hesperidin against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC). Also study the side effect of treatments on different organs (liver, kidney and heart). Material and method: The antitumor effect was assessed by evaluating tumor volume , tumor cell count , survival time and increase in life span of EAC bearing mice. We assessed the effect of Capparis spinosa L extract , rutin and hesperidin on the level of malonaldialdhyde (MDA) and Catalase activity. Also, we estimated their effect on Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , Albumin , urea , creatinine ,Lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH), Creatine Kinase-MB activity (CK-MB). Apoptosis was assessed by BCL2 and caspase3 activity. Results : The Capparis spinosa L extract , rutin and hesperidin showed significantly decreased (p<0.001) in the volume of the EAC and in the count of EAC cells and increase the life span of EAC bearing mice. The treatment with Capparis spinosa L extract , rutin and hesperidin showed significantly decreased (p<0.001) the lipid peroxidation marker (MDA) and recovered catalase activity towards normal as compared to positive control. We founded that Capparis spinosa L extract , rutin and hesperidin treatment induced apoptosis demonstrated by an increased in Caspase 3 activity and decreased in BCL2 .The treatment of Capparis spinosa L extract , rutin and hesperidin significantly reduced the elevated levels of ALT , AST ,LDH ,CK-MB,Urea and Creatinine in positive control as compared with negative control. Also, they showed protection for both liver and kidney histopathologically. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that Capparis spinosa L extract , rutin and hesperidin have potent antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. The anti-tumor mechanism may be mediated by preventing oxidative damage and induction of apoptosis.

Protective and Therapeutic Efficacy of Hesperidin versus Cisplatin against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma-Induced Renal Damage in Mice

“…Despite the improvement of renal function in the EAC-bearing mice treated with Cis, the levels of urea and creatinine were still significantly elevated from those of the control values. Similar findings have also been reported in recent studies [ 21 , 44 , 45 ]. Indeed, nephrotoxicity is a common side effect of Cis medication that may be due to the impairment of renal functions, the back-leakage of the renal tubules, and/or renal tubular obstruction induced by Cis [ 39 , 46 ].…”

“…These findings partially correlated to previous studies of Donia et al [ 16 ], who suggested that Hesp exerted antitumor properties and possessed an ameliorative effect against doxorubicin cytotoxicity, while enhancing its antitumor effect, attributing this to the ability of Hesp to arrest tumor growth via the apoptotic pathway by downregulating the expression of Bcl-2, an antiapoptotic gene, and upregulating the expression of the Caspase3 and Bax genes, apoptotic genes. Another study explained that the antitumor mechanism of Hesp may be mediated by the induction of apoptosis and prevention of oxidative damage [ 44 ].…”

In vivo anticancer study of sodium 2‐[(4‐oxidobenzylidene)amino]‐6H‐1,3,4‐thiadiazine‐5‐olate against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma via targeting PI3K/mTOR pathway

“…The results obtained aligned with many earlier studies that demonstrated the transplantation of EAC into the mouse group increased serum levels of urea and creatinine, which may be related to renal damage brought on by the tumor's catabolic action as a result of cancer cell invasion (Abo-Neima et al, 2023;Mohammed et al, 2018;Sindhuri et al, 2023).…”

“…Creatinine and urea are two of the conventional test indices for kidney functions and renal structural integrity (Mohammed et al., 2018). In the current study, kidney function was estimated by measuring serum urea and creatinine concentration.…”