Assessment of apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids and nitrogen in cottonseed and soyabean meals fed to pigs determined using ileal dissection under halothane anaesthesia or following carbon dioxide-stunning

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to determine apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids (AIDAA) and nitrogen (AIDN) in cottonseed meal (CSM) and soyabean meal (SBM) fed to growing pigs. In the first experiment, twenty-four male pigs (37·3 (SE 2·7) kg) were individually penned and randomized to either CSM or SBM diets. The diets contained 40 % of the protein meal (either CSM or SBM) in a wheat starch-sucrose (1:1, w/w) base containing vitamins and minerals, and Cr 2 O 3 as an indigestible marker. Pigs were acclimated to the experimental diets over a 3 d period and on day 4 through to day 14 were offered 1800 g/d of the diet. Diets were offered in three meals/d from day 4 to day 11 and in eight meals/d from day 12 to day 13. After the eighth hourly-meal on day 14, twelve pigs were anaesthetized with halothane while the remaining twelve pigs were CO 2 -stunned and processed using commercial slaughter procedures. Ileal digesta were collected from a 1500 mm portion of the terminal ileum of each pig and subsequently analysed for amino acids, N, organic matter and Cr. Results indicated that AIDAA of CSM and SBM were lower when digesta were collected following CO 2 -stunning than when digesta were obtained under halothane anaesthesia. Consistently, AIDN in CSM (0·51 v. 0·56) and SBM (0·55 v. 0·71) were lower (P < 0·05) in CO 2 -stunned pigs than in halothaneanaesthetized pigs. Furthermore, when digesta collection was conducted under halothane anaesthesia, AIDN of CSM was lower (P < 0·001) than that of SBM. In the second experiment, six male pigs (45 (SE 2·6) kg) were fitted with T-piece cannulas implanted in the terminal ileum, housed individually in metabolism cages, and randomly allocated to either CSM or SBM diets in a single reversal arrangement. Ileal digesta were collected for AIDAA and AIDN determination. Although statistical comparisons could not be made between the two experiments, the AIDAA and AIDN data obtained via cannulated pigs were similar to those values obtained using the halothane-anaesthesia method. Overall, the CO 2 -stunning method is not recommended for studies of amino acid or nitrogen ileal digestibilities, but may be useful for the study of other dietary constituents.

Meta-analysis of the amino acid digestibility of oilseed meal in growing pigs

“…The corresponding values for CSM were also close to some published values (Prawirodigdo et al, 1998;NRC, 2012), but lower than others (Almeida et al, 2014). The EAA SID values obtained in the present study were close to those reported in the NRC (2012), but lower than those reported by Sauvant et al (2004).…”

Evaluation of Energy Digestibility and Prediction of Digestible and Metabolizable Energy from Chemical Composition of Different Cottonseed Meal Sources Fed to Growing Pigs

“…The content of CP was relatively high while the contents of cell wall fractions were low, agreeing with previous reports (Tanksley et al, 1981; Batterham et al, 1990). The concents of CP in sources 1, 9, and 10 (50.85, 49.64, and 54.01%, respectively) were a little higher than previously published values (Tanksley et al, 1981; Batterham et al, 1990; NRC, 1998; Prawirodigdo et al, 1998; Li et al, 1999). The contents of ether extract in all of the CSM were much lower than excepted values (Tanksley et al, 1981; NRC, 1998), which indicates that more effective solvent had been used to extract the oil from cottonseed more entirely, and, as a result, the GE of the CSM were lower than the values obtained by Batterham et al (1990).…”

Chemical composition, energy content and amino acid digestibility in cottonseed meals fed to growing pigs

“…The content of CP in sources 4, 5, and 8 (57.52%, 56.90%, and 56.78%, respectively) were much higher than previously published values (LaRue et al 1985;Papadopoulos et al 1987;Prawirodigdo et al 1998). The higher proportions of CP in these three CSM samples were likely due to the more advanced technology used for oil extraction of cottonseed.…”