Assessment of atmospheric trace metal deposition in urban environments using direct and indirect measurement methodology and contributions from wet and dry depositions

Omrani, Mehrazin; Ruban, Véronique; Ruban, G.; Lamprea, Katerine

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.08.064

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The removal efficiency of PM2.5 by wet deposition was remarkable, indicating that it is necessary to control the air pollutant emissions during the dry weather season. What’s more, some previous studies [ 62 – 64 ] focus on the relationship between deposition and metals. It was surprisingly found that there was no significant correlation between metals in PM10 and rainfall except for vanadium and nickel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of dry and wet deposition of particulate matter in near-surface waters during summer

Liu

Zhai

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) deposition which involves both dry and wet processes is an important means of controlling air pollution. To investigate the characteristics of dry and wet deposition in wetlands, PM concentrations and meteorological conditions were monitored during summer at heights of 1.5 m, 6 m and 10 m above ground level at Cuihu Wetland (Beijing, China) in order to assess the efficiency of PM2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic size of <2.5 μm) and PM10 (particles with an aerodynamic size of <10 μm) removal. The results showed: Daily concentrations of PM, dry deposition velocities and fluxes changed with the same variation trend. The daily average deposition velocity for PM10 (3.19 ± 1.18 cm·s–1) was almost 10 times that of PM2.5 (0.32 ± 0.33 cm·s–1). For PM2.5, the following dry deposition fluxes were recorded: 10 m (0.170 ± 0.463 μg·m–2·s–1) > 6 m (0.007 ± 0.003 μg·m–2·s–1) > 1.5 m (0.005 ± 0.002 μg·m–2·s–1). And the following deposition fluxes for PM10 were recorded: 10 m (2.163 ± 2.941 μg·m–2·s–1) > 1.5 m (1.565 ± 0.872 μg·m–2·s–1) > 6 m (0.987 ± 0.595 μg·m–2·s–1). In the case of wet deposition, the relative deposition fluxes for PM2.5 and PM10 were 1.5 m > 10 m > 6 m, i.e. there was very little difference between the fluxes for PM2.5 (0.688 ± 0.069 μg·m–2·s–1) and for PM10 (0.904 ± 0.103 μg·m–2·s–1). It was also noted that rainfall intensity and PM diameter influenced wet deposition efficiency. Dry deposition (63%) was more tilted towards removing PM10 than was the case for wet deposition (37%). In terms of PM2.5 removal, wet deposition (92%) was found to be more efficient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of dry and wet deposition of particulate matter in near-surface waters during summer

Liu

Zhai

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…The median of samples with enrichment factors of <10 would imply deposition of 35 × 10 9 g V/y from the atmosphere and a substantial enhancement (∼9.0×) due to human activities. The latter amounts to slightly more than 20% of estimated gross sources of V in the atmosphere, suggesting that a substantial amount of dry deposition must occur near sources of human emissions (7,103,104). However, some V is carried long distances in the atmosphere.…”

Section: Sinks Of V From the Atmospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Global biogeochemical cycle of vanadium

Schlesinger

Klein

Vengosh

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

199

126

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Synthesizing published data, we provide a quantitative summary of the global biogeochemical cycle of vanadium (V), including both human-derived and natural fluxes. Through mining of V ores (130 × 10 9 g V/y) and extraction and combustion of fossil fuels (600 × 10 9 g V/y), humans are the predominant force in the geochemical cycle of V at Earth's surface. Human emissions of V to the atmosphere are now likely to exceed background emissions by as much as a factor of 1.7, and, presumably, we have altered the deposition of V from the atmosphere by a similar amount. Excessive V in air and water has potential, but poorly documented, consequences for human health. Much of the atmospheric flux probably derives from emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels, but the magnitude of this flux depends on the type of fuel, with relatively low emissions from coal and higher contributions from heavy crude oils, tar sands bitumen, and petroleum coke. Increasing interest in petroleum derived from unconventional deposits is likely to lead to greater emissions of V to the atmosphere in the near future. Our analysis further suggests that the flux of V in rivers has been incremented by about 15% from human activities. Overall, the budget of dissolved V in the oceans is remarkably well balanced-with about 40 × 10 9 g V/y to 50 × 10 9 g V/y inputs and outputs, and a mean residence time for dissolved V in seawater of about 130,000 y with respect to inputs from rivers.vanadium | petroleum | geochemical cycle | aerosols | rock weathering V anadium (V) occurs in a wide range of earth materials and is a relatively abundant trace metal, with an average concentration in the upper continental crust (97 mg/kg) more than double those of nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) (1). In modern society, the majority of V is used to improve the strength and corrosion resistance of steel; it is also of increasing strategic and technological interest as a specialty metal in electronics and batteries. V is an essential trace element in prokaryotic biochemistry, where it is found as an alternative to molybdenum in the molecular structure of nitrogenase, the enzyme of N fixation (2-4). It also appears in the structure of enzymes in the marine algae responsible for the formation of bromoform (5) and methyl bromide (6), which contributes to the depletion of stratospheric ozone. Whether V is an essential trace element in higher plants and animals is unknown (7), with some evidence favoring an essential role in at least some higher organisms (e.g., refs. 8 and 9). Higher plants accumulate about 1 mg/kg in their tissues (10).The mean concentration of V in the continental crust is about 97 mg/kg (1, 11), and ∼20 × 10 9 g V/y enters biogeochemical cycles at Earth's surface through chemical weathering (12). V, which can exist in three common oxidation states, is largely found as the vanadate ion (H 2 VO 4 − ) in natural oxidized waters of near-neutral pH. The dissolved concentration in river water is about 0.7 μg/L, less than half of the concentration of ∼1.8 μg/L in seawa...

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“…Previous findings also revealed that the atmospheric deposition is damaging the monumental sculpture, which (Baker and Jickells, 2017;Corella et al, 2017;Feng et al, 2017;Krmar et al, 2017;Liang et al, 2017;Nanus et al, 2017;Omrani et al, 2017;Risch et al, 2017;Shelley et al, 2017;Tian et al, 2017;Yu et al, 2017), which need to bee protected from damage and loss due to atmospheric deposition.…”

Section: Lead Sculptures Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric deposition: Effects on sculptures

Int¹

2019

Preprint

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Public concern over the deleterious effects of atmospheric deposition (AD) has grown rapidly due to its adverse effects (teratogenicity, toxicity, and carcinogenicity) to human, animals, and materials. The aim of this review is to describe the effect of the AD on sculptures, measures for its reduction, and case studies on maintenances of sculptures against the AD. To this end, a step-by-step review is outlined to discuss the harmful effect of AD contamination on many important sculptures. The review paper is also extended to describe preventive steps to reduce AD on sculptures to help reduce the risks associated with AD.

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Assessment of atmospheric trace metal deposition in urban environments using direct and indirect measurement methodology and contributions from wet and dry depositions

Cited by 36 publications

References 42 publications

Comparison of dry and wet deposition of particulate matter in near-surface waters during summer

Comparison of dry and wet deposition of particulate matter in near-surface waters during summer

Global biogeochemical cycle of vanadium

Atmospheric deposition: Effects on sculptures

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