Assessment of bacterial contamination of toilets and bathroom doors handle/knobs at Daeyang Luke hospital

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine the level of bacterial contamination of door handles/knobs of toilets and bathrooms at Daeyang Luke Hospital.Methods: Fomite can be described as a non-living object capable of carrying infectious organism and it is considered as one of the major source of spread of hospital acquired infection. In this study, door handles/knobs were swabbed with sterile swab stick moistened with sterile water. The content was evenly transferred to nutrient agar petric dish and then incubated for 24 hours at 37˚C. The study was done between the months of May to August 2016. Results:The results of the study showed that during the period of study there was 41.6% bacterial contamination with the female medical and surgical ward toilets being more contaminated as compared to staff toilets. Private room bathrooms were more contaminated during the period of study as compared to the staff room bathrooms that were less contaminated. Among the bacterial contaminant isolated and identified, Staphylococcus aureus had the highest prevalence followed by Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Citrobacter species and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively.Conclusions: Therefore, from the study, it can be concluded that general public needs observe hand hygiene and use of quality disinfection procedures in order to reduce hospital acquired infection.

Bacteriological Assessment of Toilet Seats in a Nigerian University

“…This observation may be as a result of the number of students that use a particular toilet in the University studied. This is similar to the work of [16]. The researcher observed that the toilets at Daeyang Luke Hospital which had more users were more contaminated than other bathrooms with less users.…”

Citrobacter kosericausing osteomyelitis in a diabetic foot with concomitant acute gouty arthritis successfully treated with ertapenem

“…Osteomyelitis caused by C. koseri is very rare, and there have been very few cases of documented musculoskeletal infections in humans 4. Of the reported cases of musculoskeletal infections involving C. koseri, newborns and elderly persons are at the highest risk of infection 4. Diabetes was associated with all three cases of C. koseri osteomyelitis infections involving the foot with peripheral vascular disease being present in two 4–6.…”

“…Osteomyelitis caused by C. koseri is very rare, and there have been very few cases of documented musculoskeletal infections in humans 4. Of the reported cases of musculoskeletal infections involving C. koseri, newborns and elderly persons are at the highest risk of infection 4.…”

“…Concomitant gout has not been present with any case of C. koseri osteomyelitis reported. A study done by Ngonda4 demonstrated that 35.5% of male toilets were contaminated in a large hospital and the prevalence of Citrobacter spp was 9.4%, making bathrooms/toilets a likely significant source of contamination.…”

A survey of public restrooms microbial contamination in Tehran city, capital of Iran, during 2019

“…A study of bacteriological assessment of door handles/knobs of toilets and washrooms was conducted by Frank Ngonda in a hospital setting in 2017,[ 15 ] which revealed some bacteriological similar results. Among the total of 442 samples, 184 cases (41.6%) were contaminated and also S. aureus was the most bacteria had isolated.…”