Assessment of Balance Abilities in Pakistani Children

Habib, Zehra; Westcott, Sarah L.; Valvano, Joanne

doi:10.1097/00001577-199901120-00004

Cited by 34 publications

(91 citation statements)

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“…The TUG test values stratified by age intervals and presented in Table can be used as normative values for the paediatric population. Previous studies showed TUG data in children from Pakistan and the USA . In general, the TUG values of children of the same age group in our sample were similar to those presented by one each of the USA and Pakistan studies, without any differences higher than 0.8 seconds in the mean.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Previous studies evaluated typically developing children in Pakistan and the USA to determine reference values for functional mobility, but no data have been published on the influence of possible predictive values of the TUG test for healthy adolescents aged 13 to 18 years. For Down syndrome, a small sample of children and adolescents was evaluated using the TUG test, but the walking distance was changed to 9m, making it difficult to compare with other studies .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Normative values for the Timed ‘Up and Go’ test in children and adolescents and validation for individuals with Down syndrome

Nicolini‐Panisson

Donadio

2013

Develop Med Child Neuro

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ABBREVIATION TUGTimed Up and Go RESULTS In phase 1, the mean time to perform the TUG test was 5.61 seconds (SD 1.06). AIMValues were stratified in age groups that served as normative data for both sexes. A multiple linear regression analysis was conducted and the best variables to predict TUG scores were age and weight. The best model obtained presented an R 2 of 0.25 and a standard error of the estimate of 0.92. Excellent intrasession reliability in the three tests performed (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] of 0.93, 0.94, and 0.95) and between the sessions (both with an ICC of 0.95) was demonstrated. In phase 2, the test also showed excellent reproducibility (ICC=0.82 between the two tests performed). The performance time was significantly longer (p<0.001) in individuals with Down syndrome compared with sex-age-, and weight-matched typically developing children with a mean difference of À3.53 (95% confidence interval À4.05 to À3.00). Dimension E of the GMFM (Walking, Running and Jumping) showed the highest correlation (r=À0.55, p<0.001) with the test.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative values for the Timed ‘Up and Go’ test in children and adolescents and validation for individuals with Down syndrome

Nicolini‐Panisson

Donadio

2013

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…The tallest group (both male and female) had a mean reach of 37.38 cm which is between the published values of 36.60 cm for adult females and 41.83 cm for adult males 1. While previous published studies1,8,10,14 have reported FRT scores by age groups, our results imply that height rather than age, may be more advantageous when using the FRT for discriminative purposes in children. This effect could be significant among youth with medical conditions which affect their growth.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Factors Affecting Functional Reach Scores in Youth with Typical Development

Volkman

Stergiou

Stuberg

et al. 2009

Pediatric Physical Therapy

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Purpose Functional Reach Test (FRT) scores were examined for the effects of traditional and alternate methods and subject characteristics. Methods Eighty subjects aged 7–16 years were tested. Effects of measurement method (from finger to finger or from toe to finger) and style of reach (1 or 2 arms) were investigated. Five subject variables were analyzed for interactions among the methods and groups defined by subject characteristic. Results Measurement method and style of reach showed a significant interaction. Interaction of method with subject characteristic was significant for age, height and base of support only. Height groups by quartile were significantly different and scores increased with height, especially in toes-to-finger methods. Conclusions FRT scores were affected by method of reach and method of measurement. Height categories may be more useful when using the test for discriminative purposes, especially with toes-to-finger methods.

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“…The Timed "Up and GO" (TUG) test is a performance-based test designed to measure functional or basic mobility [25,35]. The TUG is a valid and reliable measure in children [14,15,35]. The TUG has excellent intrarater (ICC = 0.99) and interrater (ICC = 0.99) reliability [25].…”

Section: Instrumentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of task-oriented training on mobility function in children with cerebral palsy

Salem

Godwin

2009

NRE

100

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Background/Purpose: Improvement in mobility function has been the primary goal in the rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of task-oriented strength training for children with cerebral palsy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of task-oriented strength training on mobility function in children with cerebral palsy. Study design: A single-blind, randomized controlled trial with pre-training and post-training evaluations. Materials and methods: Ten children with cerebral palsy (GMFCS levels I-III) were randomly assigned to an experimental group (N = 5) or control group (N = 5). Mobility function was assessed using the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and the Timed "Up and Go" (TUG) test. Participants in the control group received conventional physical therapy focused on improving walking and balance through facilitation and normalization of movement patterns. Participants in the experiment group received task-oriented strength training focused on strengthening the lower extremities and practicing functional tasks similar to those the child performs during daily activities. Results: After the 5-week training period there were significant improvements in the experimental group for dimension D (p = 0.009), and dimension E (p = 0.009) of the GMFM. The experimental group significantly reduced the time taken to complete the TUG (p = 0.017). Conclusion/Significance: This study supports the efficacy of task-oriented strength training for improving mobility function in children with cerebral palsy. The findings demonstrate that the application of a task-oriented strength training program is linked to positive functional outcomes. The results suggest that children with cerebral palsy may benefit from a task-oriented strength training program. Further studies with a larger randomized sample and longer post-intervention follow-up are necessary to document the long-term effects of participation in task-oriented strength training programs in the cerebral palsy population.

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Assessment of Balance Abilities in Pakistani Children

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Normative values for the Timed ‘Up and Go’ test in children and adolescents and validation for individuals with Down syndrome

Normative values for the Timed ‘Up and Go’ test in children and adolescents and validation for individuals with Down syndrome

Factors Affecting Functional Reach Scores in Youth with Typical Development

Effects of task-oriented training on mobility function in children with cerebral palsy

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