Assessment of biomass energy use pattern and biogas technology domestication programme in Ethiopia

Sime, Getachew; Tilahun, Girma; Kebede, Mulugeta

doi:10.1080/20421338.2020.1732595

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…weak linkage between distributer and final user and a gap in improving the skills of users in repairing the biogas plants), and insufficient and expensive maintenance service, according to the majority of biogas adopters (80%). This is consistent with [ 48 ]. Key Informants and Focus Group Discussion reported about 54 installed biogas plants were unable to provide a service due to one or more of these factors.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…The digester size of 6m 3 was used in 93 (56.5%) of the 165 biogas plants, while 8m 3 and 10m 3 digesters were used in 69 (43.5%) and 3 (1.8%) of the plants, respectively. In Ethiopia [ 48 ], also found that digester sizes of 6 m3 cover 37% of the population, followed by 10 m 3 (29%) and 8 m 3 (26%). This indicates that biogas plant distribution, especially with larger digester sizes, is insufficient in the study area.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The potential of biogas technology in fuelwood saving and carbon emission reduction in Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Kefalew¹,

Tilinti²,

Betemariyam³

2021

Heliyon

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The rapid rate of deforestation, combined with Ethiopia's rapid population growth, has resulted in increased energy scarcity, high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and climate change. Biogas technology has recently been described as one of the most promising solutions to the problems of deforestation, energy supply, and climate change. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the potential of biogas technology in fuelwood saving and carbon emission reduction in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select a sample of 192 households (HH) (68 biogas adopters and 124 non-adopters). To conduct the Kitchen efficiency test, 25 test subjects were chosen at random from each category. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and an independent-sample t-test. The energy source for cooking and heating were fuelwood, biogas, animal dung, agricultural residue, and charcoal were the most common energy source for domestic use, accounting for 46.9%, 35.4%, 9.4 %, 5.2 %, and 3.1%, respectively. Kerosene lamps, battery cells, and tiny solar panels were utilized by 35 %, 32.4 %, and 18 % of respondents, respectively, for lighting. The most widely used woody plants for domestic energy usage were Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Eucalyptus saligna , according to the findings. The digester size of 6m 3 was used in 93 (56.5%) of the 165 biogas plants, while 8m 3 and 10m 3 digesters were used in 69 (43.5%) and 3 (1.8%) of the plants, respectively. Hence, the annual fuelwood savings from using biogas technology per household was calculated to be 1856.78 kg per year, with an annual Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emission reduction capacity of 2.75 tons per biogas plant. Consequently, it was projected that all functional biogas plants (111) would save around 305.25 tons of CO 2 e per year. Generally, Biogas has been proven to be a viable technique for reducing reliance on forest resources and mitigating climate change in general. As a result, the country's energy sector should encourage families to embrace biogas technology to enhance fuelwood availability and reduce carbon emissions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential of biogas technology in fuelwood saving and carbon emission reduction in Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Kefalew¹,

Tilinti²,

Betemariyam³

2021

Heliyon

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“…At least 50% of people in developing countries still cook and heat their homes using solid fuels (i.e., wood fuel, crop residues, charcoal, and animal dung) in open fires and leaky stoves [1][2][3][4]. Using open fires in household cooking consumes more energy than any other end-use services in developing countries [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Characteristics of a Cooking Stove Improved with Sawdust as an Insulation Material

Okino

Komakech

Wanyama

et al. 2021

Journal of Renewable Energy

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In developing countries, energy demand from biomass has increased due to exponential population growth. This has translated into voluminous quantities of wood being used. The situation is exacerbated by the popular use of inefficient stoves with low thermal insulation, hence contributing to deforestation. In this study, the performance of a cooking stove improved with sawdust as an insulation material was assessed. An insulated fire stove prototype of 26 cm saucepan diameter was designed, constructed, and cast with sawdust and clay in a ratio of 1 : 1 (as the first layer) and sawdust alone as the second layer. The developed stove was tested using a water boiling test to establish its operating performance. The thermal efficiency of the stove was assessed using indigenous wood fuels used in rural Uganda (Senna spectabilis, Pinus caribaea, and Eucalyptus grandis). Computational fluid dynamics was used to simulate the temperature and velocity fields within the combustion chamber and for generating temperature contours of the stove. Obtained results indicated that S. spectabilis had the highest thermal efficiency of 35.5 ± 2.5%, followed by E. grandis (25.7 ± 1.7%) and lastly P. caribaea (19.0 ± 1.2%) in the cold start phase when compared with traditional stoves. The stove remained cold as hot air was restricted to the combustion chamber with decreasing temperature contours toward the outer wall up to the ambient temperature. The velocity flow remained constant as the chamber was colored green throughout due to the shielding of the stove with sawdust as insulation. The heat flux generated indicated that a thick layer of 6 cm or more could ensure good insulation, and this could be further reduced by introducing more sawdust. The designed stove has the potential to reduce biomass consumption and emissions when compared to traditional cookstoves. The inclusion of a chimney draught in the fire stove prototype could reduce smoke and increase thermal efficiency. Further studies should focus on minimizing the thickness of the clay-sawdust (first) layer and increasing the thickness of the sawdust layer to reduce the weight of the fire stove.

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“…Likewise, Ethiopia is highly dependent on traditional biomass for domestic energy (for cooking, heating and lighting); more than 93 % of its population obtains energy from biomass (WHO, 2006). Thus, the interest of having access to modern and renewable energy in Ethiopia has been increasing as the rural community is suffering from the energy crisis and ever increasing cost of chemical fertilizers (Mengistu et al, 2016) and kerosene (Sime et al, 2020). The use of chemical fertilizers becomes dominant and its volume is growing up annually with unaffordable prices (Mengistu et al, 2016, Eshete et al, 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of chemical fertilizers becomes dominant and its volume is growing up annually with unaffordable prices (Mengistu et al, 2016, Eshete et al, 2006. Similarly, the price of kerosene has also ever increasing (Sime et al, 2020). This situation could be improved by using biogas technology (Kamp and Forn, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost-Benefit Analysis and Financial Viability of Household Biogas Plant Installation in Aleta Wondo District, Southern Ethiopia

Sime

Gedefa²,

Melka³

2020

SSRN Journal

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Background: Installation of biogas plants has both costs and incomes; installation and maintenance service demand nancial costs and reduction of costs for purchasing rewood, kerosene and chemical fertilizers are bene ts or incomes. This study investigates the cost-bene t analysis and nancial viability related to biogas plant installation in Southern Ethiopia.Method: A multi-stage sampling technique was employed to select sample households. A total of 105 adopter households were selected for household survey.Results and conclusion: The installation cost took the largest share of the total cost of installation and was one of the main constraints that hindered installation. Installation increased household income by reducing the costs incurred for buying rewood, kerosene and chemical fertilizers. Relatively, lower plant size was more pro table than larger plant size. Installation under the subsidy scheme was more nancially viable at 10 % discount rate than its counterparts. The pro tability of lower plant size was more sensitive to changes in the discount rate, the level of expenditure saving and input price than larger plant size, under an assumption and without subsidy. Installation of low cost plants could more attract the engagement of a large number of rural households with low economic capacity. Besides, installation of lower plant sizes could more substantially enhance household income by saving costs incurred for buying rewood, kerosene and chemical fertilizers.

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Assessment of biomass energy use pattern and biogas technology domestication programme in Ethiopia

Cited by 18 publications

References 43 publications

The potential of biogas technology in fuelwood saving and carbon emission reduction in Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

The potential of biogas technology in fuelwood saving and carbon emission reduction in Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia

Performance Characteristics of a Cooking Stove Improved with Sawdust as an Insulation Material

Cost-Benefit Analysis and Financial Viability of Household Biogas Plant Installation in Aleta Wondo District, Southern Ethiopia

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