Assessment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Mortality Rates Among Nursing Homes With Different Proportions of Black Residents

Travers, Jasmine; Agarwal, Mansi; Estrada, Leah; Dick, Andrew W.; Gračner, Tadeja; Wu, Bei; Stone, Patricia W.

doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2021.02.014

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…9,10,12,14,16,17,19,20,24,[26][27][28]30,31,33,35,36,40,42,43 Second, almost as consistent was the finding that larger facilities had a higher probability of any outbreak and more cases than smaller facilities. 9,11,12,[18][19][20][21]26,28,[30][31][32][33][34][35]43 Sixteen studies examined whether the racial composition of a facility's resident population was related to COVID-19 outcomes. Fourteen of those used data from spring 2020 to early fall 2020 8,9,13,20,22,24,26,28,30,31,33,35,41,43 and all found th...…”

Section: The Importance Of Community Spread Facility Size and Racial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 64%

A systematic review of long‐term care facility characteristics associated with COVID‐19 outcomes

Konetzka

White

Pralea

et al. 2021

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Objectives: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has taken a disproportionate toll on long-term care facility residents and staff. Our objective was to review the empirical evidence on facility characteristics associated with COVID-19 cases and deaths.Design: Systematic review. Setting: Long-term care facilities (nursing homes and assisted living communities).Participants: Thirty-six empirical studies of factors associated with COVID-19 cases and deaths in long-term care facilities published between January 1, 2020 and June 15, 2021. Measurements: Outcomes included the probability of at least one case or death (or other defined threshold); numbers of cases and deaths, measured variably. Results: Larger, more rigorous studies were fairly consistent in their assessment of risk factors for COVID-19 outcomes in long-term care facilities. Larger bed size and location in an area with high COVID-19 prevalence were the strongest and most consistent predictors of facilities having more COVID-19 cases and deaths. Outcomes varied by facility racial composition, differences that were partially explained by facility size and community COVID-19 prevalence. More staff members were associated with a higher probability of any outbreak; however, in facilities with known cases, higher staffing was associated with fewer deaths. Other characteristics, such as Nursing Home Compare 5-star ratings, ownership, and prior infection control citations, did not have consistent associations with COVID-19 outcomes. Conclusion: Given the importance of community COVID-19 prevalence and facility size, studies that failed to control for these factors were likely confounded. Better control of community COVID-19 spread would have been critical for mitigating much of the morbidity and mortality long-term care residents and staff experienced during the pandemic. Traditional quality measures such as Nursing Home Compare 5-Star ratings and past deficiencies were not consistent indicators of pandemic preparedness, likely because COVID-19[Correction added after first online publication on September 24, 2021. Keypoints have been changed.]

show abstract

Section: The Importance Of Community Spread Facility Size and Racial Distributionmentioning

confidence: 64%

A systematic review of long‐term care facility characteristics associated with COVID‐19 outcomes

Konetzka

White

Pralea

et al. 2021

J American Geriatrics Society

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compared to acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), this infectious disease (COVID-19) remains an exceptionally transmitted chronic disease globally. [31][32][33][34][35] In the 21st century, people with symptoms of higher anxiety levels reported the tendency of excessive social media use. [36][37][38][39][40] Social media use, such as Facebook, provides platforms, and people can at least tentatively escape their negative emotions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Social Media in the Advent of COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis Management, Mental Health Challenges and Implications

Abbas¹,

Wang²,

et al. 2021

RMHP

276

160

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: This study focuses on how educating people through social media platforms can help reduce the mental health consequences of the COVID-19 to manage the global health crisis. The pandemic has posed a global mental health crisis, and correct information is indispensable to dispel uncertainty, fear, and mental stress to unify global communities in collective combat against COVID-19 disease worldwide. Mounting studies specified that manifestly endless coronavirusrelated newsfeeds and death numbers considerably increased the risk of global mental health issues. Social media provided positive and negative data, and the COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide infodemic. It has eroded public trust and impeded virus restraint, which outlived the coronavirus pandemic itself. Methods: The study incorporated the narrative review analysis based on the existing literature related to mental health problems using the non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) approach to minimize the COVID-19 adverse consequences on global mental health. The study performed a search of the electronic databases available at PsycINFO, PubMed, and LISTA. This research incorporates the statistical data related to the COVID-19 provided by the WHO, John Hopkins University, and Pakistani Ministry of Health. Results: Pakistan reported the second-highest COVID-19 cases within South Asia, the fifthhighest number of cases in Asia after Iran, India, Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the 14th highest recorded cases, as of October 14, 2020. Pakistan effectively managed the COVID-19 pandemic in the second wave. It stands at the eighth-highest number of confirmed cases in Asia, the 3rd-highest in South Asia, and the 28th-highest number of established patients globally, as of February20, 2021. Conclusion:The COVID-19 has resulted in over 108.16 million confirmed cases, deaths over 2.374 million, and a recovery of 80.16 million people worldwide, as of February 12, 2021. This study focused on exploring the COVID-19 pandemic's adverse effects on global public health and the indispensable role of social media to provide the correct information in the COVID-19 health crisis. The findings' generalizability offers helpful insight for crisis management and contributes to the scientific literature. The results might provide a stepping-stone for conduct future empirical studies by including other factors to conclude exciting developments.

show abstract

“…15e19 Other characteristics that have been found to increase risk of COVID-19 infection and deaths in nursing homes include large facility size, 15,16,20,21 high percentage of nonwhite residents, 14,15,17,18,20,22e24 lack of staff unionization, 25 and urban location. 15,20,24 Medicaid share, 15,17,18,20,21 quality ratings, 15,16,18,20,23 and for-profit status 15,16,20,21,23 show mixed results. For instance, some studies suggest high Medicaid-share facilities are associated with increased cases 17,18 and deaths, 21 whereas others show no significant differences.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Staffing and Protective Equipment Access Mitigated COVID-19 Penetration and Spread in US Nursing Homes During the Third Surge

Simoni

Wallem

Fleming

et al. 2021

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: During the last quarter of 2020ddespite improved distribution of personal protective equipment (PPE) and knowledge of COVID-19 managementdnursing homes experienced the greatest increases in cases and deaths since the pandemic's beginning. We sought to update COVID-19 estimates of cases, hospitalization, and mortality and to evaluate the association of potentially modifiable facilitylevel infection control factors on odds and magnitude of COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in nursing homes during the third surge of the pandemic. Design: Cross-sectional analysis. Setting and Participants: Facility-level data from 13,156 US nursing home facilities. Methods: Two series of multivariable logistic regression and generalized linear models to examine the association of infection control factors (personal protective equipment and staffing) on incidence and magnitude, respectively, of confirmed COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in nursing home residents reported in the last quarter of 2020. Results: Nursing homes experienced steep increases in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths during the final quarter of 2020. Four-fifths (80.51%; n ¼ 10,592) of facilities reported at least 1 COVID-19 case, 49.44% (n ¼ 6504) reported at least 1 hospitalization, and 49.76% (n ¼ 6546) reported at least 1 death during this third surge. N95 mask shortages were associated with increased odds of at least 1 COVID-19 case [odds ratio (OR) 1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05-1.40] and hospitalization (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.13-1.40), as well as larger numbers of hospitalizations (OR 1.11,. Nursing aide shortages were associated with lower odds of at least 1 COVID-19 death (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.12-1.34) and higher hospitalizations (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.17). The number of nursing hours per resident per day was largely insignificant across all outcomes. Of note, smaller (<50-bed) and midsized (50-to 150-bed) facilities had lower odds yet higher magnitude of all COVID outcomes. Bed occupancy rates >75% increased odds of experiencing a COVID-19 case (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.35-1.62) or death (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.17-1.34). Conclusions and Implications: Adequate staffing and PPEdalong with reduced occupancy and smaller facilitiesdmitigate incidence and magnitude of COVID-19 cases and sequelae. Addressing shortcomings in these factors is critical to the prevention of infections and adverse health consequences of a next surge among vulnerable nursing home residents.

show abstract

Assessment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection and Mortality Rates Among Nursing Homes With Different Proportions of Black Residents

Cited by 24 publications

References 29 publications

A systematic review of long‐term care facility characteristics associated with COVID‐19 outcomes

A systematic review of long‐term care facility characteristics associated with COVID‐19 outcomes

The Role of Social Media in the Advent of COVID-19 Pandemic: Crisis Management, Mental Health Challenges and Implications

Staffing and Protective Equipment Access Mitigated COVID-19 Penetration and Spread in US Nursing Homes During the Third Surge

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About