Assessment of cranial blood flow in cervical spondylosis patients

Effects of Head and Neck Positions on Blood Flow in the Vertebral, Internal Carotid, and Intracranial Arteries: A Systematic Review

“…Fourteen studies 7,12,17,18,[27][28][29][30]35,39,41,47,49,53 reported no significant hemodynamic changes in any of the included cervical positions, whereas 2 studies 33,43 reported a significant hemodynamic decrease in all of the included cervical positions. The majority of studies reported no significant hemodynamic changes during maximum rotation (n = 16).…”

“…The majority (n = 26) 1,2,4,6,7,12,18,19,[27][28][29][30]32,33,35,36,38,40,41,43,44,[47][48][49][50]57 of the 31 included studies used a color duplex sonography device to measure flow velocities and flow volumes. The remaining 5 studies used magnetic resonance angiography (n = 3) 17,52,53 and magnetic resonance imaging (n = 2).…”

“…1,2,4,6,12,17,[28][29][30][39][40][41]44,50,52,53,55 Other test positions included sitting (n = 7) 7,18,19,32,36,49,57 and prone (n = 1), 33 or were not mentioned (n = 6). 27,35,38,43,47,48 For the vertebral artery, maximum rotation (n = 18) 2,17,18,29,30,32,33,36,[39][40][41]43,49,50,52,53,55,57 and the combination of maximum rotation and maximum extension (n = 6) 2,6,29,40,49,50 were the cervical positions te...…”

“…The intracranial arteries were most frequently tested in maximum rotation (n = 5) 19,38,48,49,53 and maximum extension (n = 3). 47,48,55 The other cervical positions for this artery included maximum rotation and distraction, 53 maximum rotation at C1-C2, 53 extension and maximum rotation, 19,49 maximum flexion, 47,48 maximum flexion and maximum rotation, 49 distraction, 53 and a posttest in neutral. 38…”

“…6,28,29,35,36,38,40,43,[48][49][50]55 Five studies mentioned nonvascular participant groups. 1,18,36,44,47 One study did not report whether the participants were healthy or had a pathology. 7 A comparison of the groups of people with vascular pathology and groups of other patients shows that there were proportionally no differences.…”